| Finding ID |
Severity |
Title |
Description |
|
V-268303
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to send log data to at least two central log servers for the purpose of forwarding alerts to the administrators and the information system security officer (ISSO). |
The aggregation of log data kept on a syslog server can be used to detect attacks and trigger an alert to the appropriate security personnel. The stored log data can used to detect weaknesses in security that enable the network IA team to find and address these weaknesses before breaches... |
|
V-268301
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must terminate all network connections associated with a device management session at the end of the session, or the session must be terminated after five minutes of inactivity except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. |
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port that has been left unattended. In addition, quickly terminating an idle session will also free up resources committed by... |
|
V-268271
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to implement cryptographic mechanisms using a FIPS 140-2-approved algorithm to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions. |
This requires the use of secure protocols instead of their unsecured counterparts, such as SSH instead of telnet, SCP instead of FTP, and HTTPS instead of HTTP. If unsecured protocols (lacking cryptographic mechanisms) are used for sessions, the contents of those sessions will be susceptible to eavesdropping, potentially putting sensitive... |
|
V-268270
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must use FIPS-validated Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications. |
Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied on to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DOD data may be compromised.
Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network... |
|
V-268269
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must use FIPS 140-2-approved algorithms for authentication to a cryptographic module. |
Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not validated and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DOD data may be compromised.
Network devices utilizing encryption are required to use FIPS-compliant mechanisms for authenticating to cryptographic modules.
FIPS 140-2 is the... |
|
V-268259
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to prohibit the use of all unnecessary and/or nonsecure functions, ports, protocols, and/or services. |
To prevent unauthorized connection of devices, unauthorized transfer of information, or unauthorized tunneling (i.e., embedding of data types within data types), organizations must disable unused or unnecessary physical and logical ports/protocols on information systems.
Network devices are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the... |
|
V-268257
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be running a release that is currently supported by the vendor. |
Network devices running an unsupported operating system lack current security fixes required to mitigate the risks associated with recent vulnerabilities. |
|
V-268237
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to use DOD PKI as multifactor authentication (MFA) for interactive logins. |
MFA is when two or more factors are used to confirm the identity of an individual who is requesting access to digital information resources. Valid factors include something the individual knows (e.g., username and password), something the individual has (e.g., a smartcard or token), or something the individual is (e.g.,... |
|
V-268236
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to use at least two authentication servers for authenticating users prior to granting administration access. |
Centralized management of authentication settings increases the security of remote and nonlocal access methods. This control is particularly important protection against the insider threat. With robust centralized management, audit records for administrator account access to the organization's network devices can be more readily analyzed for trends and anomalies. The alternative... |
|
V-268235
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to use DOD-approved online certificate status protocol (OCSP) responders or certificate revocation lists (CRLs) to validate certificates used for PKI-based authentication. |
Once issued by a DOD certificate authority (CA), public key infrastructure (PKI) certificates are typically valid for three years or shorter within the DOD. However, there are many reasons a certificate may become invalid before the prescribed expiration date. For example, an employee may leave or be terminated and still... |
|
V-268222
|
High |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce the assigned privilege level for each administrator and authorizations for access to all commands relative to the privilege level in accordance with applicable policy for the device. |
To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that have been issued certificates by DOD-approved PKIs, all DOD systems must be properly configured to incorporate access control methods that do not rely solely on the possession of a certificate for access. Successful authentication must not automatically... |
|
V-268302
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate unique session identifiers using a FIPS 140-2 approved random number generator. |
Sequentially generated session IDs can be easily guessed by an attacker. Employing the concept of randomness in the generation of unique session identifiers helps to protect against brute-force attacks to determine future session identifiers.
Unique session IDs address man-in-the-middle attacks, including session hijacking or insertion of false information into a... |
|
V-268296
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must install security-relevant software updates within the time period directed by an authoritative source (e.g., IAVM, CTOs, DTMs, and STIGs). |
Security flaws with software are discovered daily. Vendors are constantly updating and patching their products to address newly discovered security vulnerabilities. Organizations (including any contractor to the organization) are required to promptly install security-relevant software updates. Flaws discovered during security assessments, continuous monitoring, incident response activities, or information system error... |
|
V-268283
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must prevent the installation of patches, service packs, or application components without verification the software component has been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. |
Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the network device. Verifying software components have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization ensures the software has not been tampered with and has been provided by a trusted... |
|
V-268282
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must audit the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the device. |
Without auditing the enforcement of access restrictions against changes to the device configuration, it will be difficult to identify attempted attacks, and an audit trail will not be available for forensic investigation for after-the-fact actions.
Enforcement actions are the methods or mechanisms used to prevent unauthorized changes to configuration settings.... |
|
V-268274
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured with only one local account to be used as the account of last resort in the event the authentication server is unavailable. |
Authentication for administrative (privileged level) access to the device is required at all times. An account can be created on the device's local database for use when the authentication server is down or connectivity between the device and the authentication server is not operable. This account is referred to as... |
|
V-268267
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must require that when a password is changed, the characters are changed in at least eight of the positions within the password. |
If the application allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
The number of changed characters refers to the number of changes required with respect to the total... |
|
V-268266
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce a minimum 15-character password length. |
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password.
The shorter the password, the lower the number... |
|
V-268265
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used. |
Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determine how long it... |
|
V-268264
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used. |
Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determine how long it... |
|
V-268263
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lowercase character be used. |
Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determine how long it... |
|
V-268262
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one uppercase character be used. |
Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determine how long it... |
|
V-268260
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. |
A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the application. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the application validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack.
An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by... |
|
V-268258
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must obtain its public key certificates from an appropriate certificate policy through an approved service provider. |
For user certificates, each organization obtains certificates from an approved, shared service provider, as required by OMB policy. For federal agencies operating a legacy public key infrastructure cross-certified with the Federal Bridge Certification Authority at medium assurance or higher, this Certification Authority will suffice.
Satisfies: SRG-APP-000516-NDM-000344, SRG-APP-000910-NDM-000300 |
|
V-268256
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must protect audit tools from unauthorized access, modification, and deletion. |
Protecting audit data also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit data.
Network devices providing tools to interface with audit data will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the... |
|
V-268255
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. |
Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
If audit data were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve.
To ensure the veracity of... |
|
V-268254
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate an immediate real-time alert of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts. |
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected.
Satisfies: SRG-APP-000360-NDM-000295,... |
|
V-268253
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must off-load audit records onto a different system or media than the system being audited. |
Information system backup is a critical step in maintaining data assurance and availability. Information system and security-related documentation contains information pertaining to system configuration and security settings. If this information were not backed up and a system failure were to occur, the security settings would be difficult to reconfigure quickly... |
|
V-268252
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must support organizational requirements to conduct backups of information system documentation, including security-related documentation, when changes occur or weekly, whichever is sooner. |
Information system backup is a critical step in maintaining data assurance and availability. Information system and security-related documentation contains information pertaining to system configuration and security settings. If this information were not backed up, and a system failure were to occur, the security settings would be difficult to reconfigure quickly... |
|
V-268251
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must allocate audit record storage capacity in accordance with organization-defined audit record storage requirements. |
To ensure network devices have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, they must be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit record storage capacity is usually performed during initial device setup if it can be modified. |
|
V-268250
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records showing starting and ending time for administrator access to the system. |
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Associating event types with detected events in the application and audit logs provides a means... |
|
V-268249
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must automatically audit account enabling actions. |
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Associating event types with detected events in the application and audit logs provides a means... |
|
V-268248
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must initiate session auditing upon startup. |
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Associating event types with detected events in the application and audit logs provides a means... |
|
V-268247
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must produce audit log records containing sufficient information to establish what type of event occurred. |
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Associating event types with detected events in the application and audit logs provides a means... |
|
V-268246
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands. |
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
Organizations consider limiting the additional audit information to only that information explicitly needed for specific audit requirements. The additional information required is dependent on the type of information (i.e., sensitivity of the... |
|
V-268245
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must produce audit records containing information to establish when events occurred, where events occurred, the source of the event, the outcome of the event, and identity of any individual or process associated with the event. |
It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done to compile an accurate risk assessment. Logging the date and time of each detected event provides a means of investigating an... |
|
V-268244
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate log records for a locally developed list of auditable events. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g.,... |
|
V-268242
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g.,... |
|
V-268241
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful login attempts occur. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g.,... |
|
V-268240
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete administrator privileges occur. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g.,... |
|
V-268239
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify administrator privileges occur. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the network device (e.g.,... |
|
V-268238
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur. |
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g.,... |
|
V-268234
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must automatically audit account removal actions. |
Account management, as a whole, ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel. Auditing account removal actions will support account management procedures. When device management accounts are terminated, user or service accessibility may be affected. Auditing also ensures... |
|
V-268233
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must automatically audit account disabling actions. |
Account management ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel. Auditing account disabling actions will support account management procedures. When device management accounts are disabled, user or service accessibility may be affected. Auditing also ensures authorized active accounts... |
|
V-268232
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must automatically audit account modification. |
Since the accounts in the network device are privileged or system-level accounts, account management is vital to the security of the network device. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel with... |
|
V-268231
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must automatically audit account creation. |
Upon gaining access to a network device, an attacker will often first attempt to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is to create a new account. Notification of account creation helps to mitigate this risk. Auditing account creation provides the necessary reconciliation that account... |
|
V-268229
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must retain the Standard Mandatory DOD Notice and Consent Banner on the screen until the administrator acknowledges the usage conditions and takes explicit actions to log in for further access. |
The banner must be acknowledged by the administrator prior to the device allowing the administrator access to the network device. This provides assurance that the administrator has seen the message and accepted the conditions for access. If the consent banner is not acknowledged by the administrator, DOD will not comply... |
|
V-268228
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must display the Standard Mandatory DOD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the device. |
Display of the DOD-approved use notification before granting access to the network device ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. |
|
V-268227
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid login attempts, after which time it must block any login attempt for 15 minutes. |
By limiting the number of failed login attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. |
|
V-268226
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must audit the execution of privileged functions. |
Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious and ongoing concern and can have significant adverse impacts on organizations. Auditing the use of privileged functions is one way to detect such misuse and... |
|
V-268225
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must enforce approved authorizations for controlling the flow of management information within the appliance based on information flow control policies. |
A mechanism to detect and prevent unauthorized communication flow must be configured or provided as part of the system design. If management information flow is not enforced based on approved authorizations, the network device may become compromised. Information flow control regulates where management information is allowed to travel within a... |
|
V-268223
|
Medium |
If the HYCU virtual appliance uses role-based access control, it must enforce organization-defined role-based access control policies over defined subjects and objects. |
Organizations can create specific roles based on job functions and the authorizations (i.e., privileges) to perform needed operations on organizational information systems associated with the organization-defined roles. When administrators are assigned to the organizational roles, they inherit the authorizations or privileges defined for those roles. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) simplifies... |
|
V-268219
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must limit the number of concurrent sessions to an organization-defined number for each administrator account and/or administrator account type. |
Device management includes the ability to control the number of administrators and management sessions that manage a device. Limiting the number of allowed administrators and sessions per administrator based on account type, role, or access type is helpful in limiting risks related to denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.
This requirement addresses concurrent... |
|
V-268217
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must not have any default manufacturer passwords when deployed. |
Virtual machines not protected with strong password schemes provide the opportunity for anyone to crack the password and gain access to the device, which can result in loss of availability, confidentiality, or integrity of network traffic. Many default vendor passwords are well known or are easily guessed; therefore, not removing... |
|
V-268216
|
Medium |
The HYCU virtual appliance must be configured to synchronize internal information system clocks using redundant authoritative time sources. |
The loss of connectivity to a particular authoritative time source will result in the loss of time synchronization (free-run mode) and increasingly inaccurate time stamps on audit events and other functions.
Multiple time sources provide redundancy by including a secondary source. Time synchronization is usually a hierarchy; clients synchronize time... |
