| V-72251 | High | The SSH daemon must be configured to only use the SSHv2 protocol. | SSHv1 is an insecure implementation of the SSH protocol and has many well-known vulnerability exploits. Exploits of the SSH daemon could provide immediate root access to the system.
Satisfies:... |
| V-72005 | High | The root account must be the only account having unrestricted access to the system. | If an account other than root also has a User Identifier (UID) of "0", it has root authority, giving that account unrestricted access to the entire operating system. Multiple accounts with a UID... |
| V-72313 | High | SNMP community strings must be changed from the default. | Whether active or not, default Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) community strings must be changed to maintain security. If the service is running with the default authenticators, anyone... |
| V-71955 | High | The operating system must not allow an unrestricted logon to the system. | Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security. |
| V-71953 | High | The operating system must not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system via a graphical user interface. | Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security. |
| V-71969 | High | The ypserv package must not be installed. | Removing the "ypserv" package decreases the risk of the accidental (or intentional) activation of NIS or NIS+ services. |
| V-72067 | High | The operating system must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. | Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of using encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher... |
| V-71961 | High | Systems with a Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. | If the system does not require valid root authentication before it boots into single-user or maintenance mode, anyone who invokes single-user or maintenance mode is granted privileged access to... |
| V-72301 | High | The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server package must not be installed if not required for operational support. | If TFTP is required for operational support (such as the transmission of router configurations) its use must be documented with the Information System Security Officer (ISSO), restricted to only... |
| V-71963 | High | Systems using Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. | If the system does not require valid root authentication before it boots into single-user or maintenance mode, anyone who invokes single-user or maintenance mode is granted privileged access to... |
| V-72303 | High | Remote X connections for interactive users must be encrypted. | Open X displays allow an attacker to capture keystrokes and execute commands remotely. |
| V-71967 | High | The rsh-server package must not be installed. | It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often... |
| V-71989 | High | The operating system must enable SELinux. | Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or... |
| V-71981 | High | The operating system must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of packages without verification of the repository metadata. | Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has... |
| V-71849 | High | The file permissions, ownership, and group membership of system files and commands must match the vendor values. | Discretionary access control is weakened if a user or group has access permissions to system files and directories greater than the default.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000257-GPOS-00098, SRG-OS-000278-GPOS-00108 |
| V-71977 | High | The operating system must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components from a repository without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. | Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has... |
| V-71979 | High | The operating system must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of local packages without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. | Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has... |
| V-71993 | High | The x86 Ctrl-Alt-Delete key sequence must be disabled. | A locally logged-on user who presses Ctrl-Alt-Delete, when at the console, can reboot the system. If accidentally pressed, as could happen in the case of a mixed OS environment, this can create... |
| V-71991 | High | The operating system must enable the SELinux targeted policy. | Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or... |
| V-71997 | High | The operating system must be a vendor supported release. | An operating system release is considered "supported" if the vendor continues to provide security patches for the product. With an unsupported release, it will not be possible to resolve security... |
| V-72299 | High | A File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server package must not be installed unless needed. | The FTP service provides an unencrypted remote access that does not provide for the confidentiality and integrity of user passwords or the remote session. If a privileged user were to log on using... |
| V-72213 | High | The system must use a DoD-approved virus scan program. | Virus scanning software can be used to protect a system from penetration from computer viruses and to limit their spread through intermediate systems.
The virus scanning software should be... |
| V-71939 | High | The SSH daemon must not allow authentication using an empty password. | Configuring this setting for the SSH daemon provides additional assurance that remote logon via SSH will require a password, even in the event of misconfiguration elsewhere. |
| V-71855 | High | The cryptographic hash of system files and commands must match vendor values. | Without cryptographic integrity protections, system command and files can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.
Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of... |
| V-72279 | High | There must be no shosts.equiv files on the system. | The shosts.equiv files are used to configure host-based authentication for the system via SSH. Host-based authentication is not sufficient for preventing unauthorized access to the system, as it... |
| V-72277 | High | There must be no .shosts files on the system. | The .shosts files are used to configure host-based authentication for individual users or the system via SSH. Host-based authentication is not sufficient for preventing unauthorized access to the... |
| V-71937 | High | The system must not have accounts configured with blank or null passwords. | If an account has an empty password, anyone could log on and run commands with the privileges of that account. Accounts with empty passwords should never be used in operational environments. |
| V-72077 | High | The telnet-server package must not be installed. | It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often... |
| V-72079 | High | Auditing must be configured to produce records containing information to establish what type of events occurred, where the events occurred, the source of the events, and the outcome of the events.
These audit records must also identify individual identities of group account users. | Without establishing what type of events occurred, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack.
Audit record content that may be... |
| V-72099 | Medium | All uses of the fchown command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72417 | Medium | The operating system must have the required packages for multifactor authentication installed. | Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect... |
| V-72091 | Medium | The operating system must immediately notify the System Administrator (SA) and Information System Security Officer (ISSO) (at a minimum) via email when the threshold for the repository maximum audit record storage capacity is reached. | If security personnel are not notified immediately when the threshold for the repository maximum audit record storage capacity is reached, they are unable to expand the audit record storage... |
| V-72093 | Medium | The operating system must immediately notify the System Administrator (SA) and Information System Security Officer (ISSO) (at a minimum) when the threshold for the repository maximum audit record storage capacity is reached. | If security personnel are not notified immediately when the threshold for the repository maximum audit record storage capacity is reached, they are unable to expand the audit record storage... |
| V-72095 | Medium | All privileged function executions must be audited. | Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious... |
| V-72097 | Medium | All uses of the chown command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72149 | Medium | All uses of the passwd command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72253 | Medium | The SSH daemon must be configured to only use Message Authentication Codes (MACs) employing FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash algorithms. | DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash functions. The only SSHv2 hash algorithm meeting this requirement is SHA. |
| V-72001 | Medium | The system must not have unnecessary accounts. | Accounts providing no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and... |
| V-72007 | Medium | All files and directories must have a valid owner. | Unowned files and directories may be unintentionally inherited if a user is assigned the same User Identifier "UID" as the UID of the un-owned files. |
| V-72257 | Medium | The SSH private host key files must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | If an unauthorized user obtains the private SSH host key file, the host could be impersonated. |
| V-72255 | Medium | The SSH public host key files must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | If a public host key file is modified by an unauthorized user, the SSH service may be compromised. |
| V-72009 | Medium | All files and directories must have a valid group owner. | Files without a valid group owner may be unintentionally inherited if a group is assigned the same Group Identifier (GID) as the GID of the files without a valid group owner. |
| V-72259 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not permit Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSSAPI) authentication unless needed. | GSSAPI authentication is used to provide additional authentication mechanisms to applications. Allowing GSSAPI authentication through SSH exposes the system’s GSSAPI to remote hosts, increasing... |
| V-71895 | Medium | The operating system must set the idle delay setting for all connection types. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-72227 | Medium | The operating system must implement cryptography to protect the integrity of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) authentication communications. | Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.
Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include,... |
| V-71897 | Medium | The operating system must have the screen package installed. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-71891 | Medium | The operating system must enable a user session lock until that user re-establishes access using established identification and authentication procedures. | A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the... |
| V-71959 | Medium | The operating system must not allow a non-certificate trusted host SSH logon to the system. | Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security. |
| V-71893 | Medium | The operating system must initiate a screensaver after a 15-minute period of inactivity for graphical user interfaces. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-72311 | Medium | The Network File System (NFS) must be configured to use RPCSEC_GSS. | When an NFS server is configured to use RPCSEC_SYS, a selected userid and groupid are used to handle requests from the remote user. The userid and groupid could mistakenly or maliciously be set... |
| V-71957 | Medium | The operating system must not allow users to override SSH environment variables. | Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security. |
| V-72317 | Medium | The system must not have unauthorized IP tunnels configured. | IP tunneling mechanisms can be used to bypass network filtering. If tunneling is required, it must be documented with the Information System Security Officer (ISSO). |
| V-72161 | Medium | All uses of the sudo command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72315 | Medium | The system access control program must be configured to grant or deny system access to specific hosts and services. | If the systems access control program is not configured with appropriate rules for allowing and denying access to system network resources, services may be accessible to unauthorized hosts. |
| V-72183 | Medium | All uses of the crontab command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72427 | Medium | The operating system must implement multifactor authentication for access to privileged accounts via pluggable authentication modules (PAM). | Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect... |
| V-71931 | Medium | Existing passwords must be restricted to a 60-day maximum lifetime. | Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked. Therefore, passwords need to be changed periodically. If the operating system does not limit the lifetime of passwords and force... |
| V-72119 | Medium | All uses of the fremovexattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-73157 | Medium | The operating system must set the session idle delay setting for all connection types. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-72011 | Medium | All local interactive users must have a home directory assigned in the /etc/passwd file. | If local interactive users are not assigned a valid home directory, there is no place for the storage and control of files they should own. |
| V-72013 | Medium | All local interactive user accounts, upon creation, must be assigned a home directory. | If local interactive users are not assigned a valid home directory, there is no place for the storage and control of files they should own. |
| V-72015 | Medium | All local interactive user home directories defined in the /etc/passwd file must exist. | If a local interactive user has a home directory defined that does not exist, the user may be given access to the / directory as the current working directory upon logon. This could create a... |
| V-72017 | Medium | All local interactive user home directories must have mode 0750 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on local interactive user home directories may allow unauthorized access to user files by other users. |
| V-72019 | Medium | All local interactive user home directories must be owned by their respective users. | If a local interactive user does not own their home directory, unauthorized users could access or modify the user's files, and the users may not be able to access their own files. |
| V-73159 | Medium | When passwords are changed or new passwords are established, pwquality must be used. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-72309 | Medium | The system must not be performing packet forwarding unless the system is a router. | Routing protocol daemons are typically used on routers to exchange network topology information with other routers. If this software is used when not required, system network information may be... |
| V-72225 | Medium | The Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner must be displayed immediately prior to, or as part of, remote access logon prompts. | Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the publicly accessible operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent... |
| V-72223 | Medium | All network connections associated with a communication session must be terminated at the end of the session or after 10 minutes of inactivity from the user at a command prompt, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. | Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port... |
| V-72221 | Medium | A FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic algorithm must be used for SSH communications. | Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be... |
| V-71965 | Medium | The operating system must uniquely identify and must authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users) using multifactor authentication. | To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational users must be identified and authenticated to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system.
Organizational... |
| V-72305 | Medium | If the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server is required, the TFTP daemon must be configured to operate in secure mode. | Restricting TFTP to a specific directory prevents remote users from copying, transferring, or overwriting system files. |
| V-72307 | Medium | An X Windows display manager must not be installed unless approved. | Internet services that are not required for system or application processes must not be active to decrease the attack surface of the system. X Windows has a long history of security... |
| V-72109 | Medium | All uses of the fchmodat command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-71983 | Medium | USB mass storage must be disabled. | USB mass storage permits easy introduction of unknown devices, thereby facilitating malicious activity.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000114-GPOS-00059, SRG-OS-000378-GPOS-00163, SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00227 |
| V-71921 | Medium | The shadow file must be configured to store only encrypted representations of passwords. | Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily... |
| V-72435 | Medium | The operating system must implement smart card logons for multifactor authentication for access to privileged accounts. | Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect... |
| V-72433 | Medium | The operating system must implement certificate status checking for PKI authentication. | Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect... |
| V-71985 | Medium | File system automounter must be disabled unless required. | Automatically mounting file systems permits easy introduction of unknown devices, thereby facilitating malicious activity.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000114-GPOS-00059, SRG-OS-000378-GPOS-00163,... |
| V-71923 | Medium | User and group account administration utilities must be configured to store only encrypted representations of passwords. | Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily... |
| V-71927 | Medium | Passwords must be restricted to a 24 hours/1 day minimum lifetime. | Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps to prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement. If users are allowed to immediately and... |
| V-71975 | Medium | Designated personnel must be notified if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner. | Unauthorized changes to the baseline configuration could make the system vulnerable to various attacks or allow unauthorized access to the operating system. Changes to operating system... |
| V-72029 | Medium | All local initialization files for interactive users must be owned by the home directory user or root. | Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon logon. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. |
| V-71973 | Medium | A file integrity tool must verify the baseline operating system configuration at least weekly. | Unauthorized changes to the baseline configuration could make the system vulnerable to various attacks or allow unauthorized access to the operating system. Changes to operating system... |
| V-71971 | Medium | The operating system must prevent non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures. | Preventing non-privileged users from executing privileged functions mitigates the risk that unauthorized individuals or processes may gain unnecessary access to information or... |
| V-72025 | Medium | All files and directories contained in local interactive user home directories must be group-owned by a group of which the home directory owner is a member. | If a local interactive user’s files are group-owned by a group of which the user is not a member, unintended users may be able to access them. |
| V-72027 | Medium | All files and directories contained in local interactive user home directories must have mode 0750 or less permissive. | If a local interactive user files have excessive permissions, unintended users may be able to access or modify them. |
| V-72021 | Medium | All local interactive user home directories must be group-owned by the home directory owners primary group. | If the Group Identifier (GID) of a local interactive user’s home directory is not the same as the primary GID of the user, this would allow unauthorized access to the user’s files, and users that... |
| V-72197 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events that affect /etc/passwd. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72023 | Medium | All files and directories contained in local interactive user home directories must be owned by the owner of the home directory. | If local interactive users do not own the files in their directories, unauthorized users may be able to access them. Additionally, if files are not owned by the user, this could be an indication... |
| V-72235 | Medium | All networked systems must use SSH for confidentiality and integrity of transmitted and received information as well as information during preparation for transmission. | Without protection of the transmitted information, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read or altered.
This... |
| V-72237 | Medium | All network connections associated with SSH traffic must terminate at the end of the session or after 10 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. | Terminating an idle SSH session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console... |
| V-72231 | Medium | The operating system must implement cryptography to protect the integrity of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) communications. | Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.
Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include,... |
| V-72233 | Medium | All networked systems must have SSH installed. | Without protection of the transmitted information, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read or altered.
This... |
| V-72239 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow authentication using RSA rhosts authentication. | Configuring this setting for the SSH daemon provides additional assurance that remote logon via SSH will require a password, even in the event of misconfiguration elsewhere. |
| V-71999 | Medium | Vendor packaged system security patches and updates must be installed and up to date. | Timely patching is critical for maintaining the operational availability, confidentiality, and integrity of information technology (IT) systems. However, failure to keep operating system and... |
| V-71935 | Medium | Passwords must be a minimum of 15 characters in length. | The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the... |
| V-71911 | Medium | When passwords are changed a minimum of eight of the total number of characters must be changed. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-73155 | Medium | The operating system must set the lock delay setting for all connection types. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-71995 | Medium | The operating system must define default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files. | Setting the most restrictive default permissions ensures that when new accounts are created, they do not have unnecessary access. |
| V-72151 | Medium | All uses of the unix_chkpwd command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-71913 | Medium | When passwords are changed a minimum of four character classes must be changed. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-72159 | Medium | All uses of the su command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72153 | Medium | All uses of the gpasswd command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-71925 | Medium | Passwords for new users must be restricted to a 24 hours/1 day minimum lifetime. | Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps to prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement. If users are allowed to immediately and... |
| V-71915 | Medium | When passwords are changed the number of repeating consecutive characters must not be more than four characters. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-71903 | Medium | When passwords are changed or new passwords are established, the new password must contain at least one upper-case character. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-71901 | Medium | The operating system must initiate a session lock for graphical user interfaces when the screensaver is activated. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-72039 | Medium | All system device files must be correctly labeled to prevent unauthorized modification. | If an unauthorized or modified device is allowed to exist on the system, there is the possibility the system may perform unintended or unauthorized operations. |
| V-71907 | Medium | When passwords are changed or new passwords are assigned, the new password must contain at least one numeric character. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-71905 | Medium | When passwords are changed or new passwords are established, the new password must contain at least one lower-case character. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-72155 | Medium | All uses of the chage command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72283 | Medium | The system must not forward Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) source-routed packets. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security... |
| V-72031 | Medium | Local initialization files for local interactive users must be group-owned by the users primary group or root. | Local initialization files for interactive users are used to configure the user's shell environment upon logon. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. |
| V-72285 | Medium | The system must not forward Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) source-routed packets by default. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security... |
| V-72037 | Medium | Local initialization files must not execute world-writable programs. | If user start-up files execute world-writable programs, especially in unprotected directories, they could be maliciously modified to destroy user files or otherwise compromise the system at the... |
| V-72287 | Medium | The system must not respond to Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echoes sent to a broadcast address. | Responding to broadcast (ICMP) echoes facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks. |
| V-72035 | Medium | All local interactive user initialization files executable search paths must contain only paths that resolve to the users home directory. | The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory... |
| V-72201 | Medium | All uses of the renameat command must be audited. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system... |
| V-72203 | Medium | All uses of the rmdir command must be audited. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system... |
| V-72205 | Medium | All uses of the unlink command must be audited. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system... |
| V-72157 | Medium | All uses of the userhelper command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72207 | Medium | All uses of the unlinkat command must be audited. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system... |
| V-71919 | Medium | The PAM system service must be configured to store only encrypted representations of passwords. | Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily... |
| V-72209 | Medium | The system must send rsyslog output to a log aggregation server. | Sending rsyslog output to another system ensures that the logs cannot be removed or modified in the event that the system is compromised or has a hardware failure. |
| V-71861 | Medium | The operating system must display the approved Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting local or remote access to the system via a graphical user logon. | Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal... |
| V-71863 | Medium | The operating system must display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting local or remote access to the system via a command line user logon. | Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal... |
| V-72297 | Medium | The system must be configured to prevent unrestricted mail relaying. | If unrestricted mail relaying is permitted, unauthorized senders could use this host as a mail relay for the purpose of sending spam or other unauthorized activity. |
| V-72295 | Medium | Network interfaces must not be in promiscuous mode. | Network interfaces in promiscuous mode allow for the capture of all network traffic visible to the system. If unauthorized individuals can access these applications, it may allow then to collect... |
| V-72293 | Medium | The system must not send Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirects. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages contain information from the system's route table, possibly... |
| V-72291 | Medium | The system must not allow interfaces to perform Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirects by default. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages contain information from the system's route table, possibly... |
| V-72121 | Medium | All uses of the lremovexattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72123 | Medium | All uses of the creat command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72125 | Medium | All uses of the open command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72127 | Medium | All uses of the openat command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72129 | Medium | All uses of the open_by_handle_at command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72319 | Medium | The system must not forward IPv6 source-routed packets. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security... |
| V-71859 | Medium | The operating system must display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting local or remote access to the system via a graphical user logon. | Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal... |
| V-72049 | Medium | The umask must be set to 077 for all local interactive user accounts. | The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. A umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask can be represented as a four-digit... |
| V-72219 | Medium | The host must be configured to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the Ports, Protocols, and Services Management Component Local Service Assessment (PPSM CLSA) and vulnerability assessments. | In order to prevent unauthorized connection of devices, unauthorized transfer of information, or unauthorized tunneling (i.e., embedding of data types within data types), organizations must... |
| V-72047 | Medium | All world-writable directories must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, or an application group. | If a world-writable directory has the sticky bit set and is not group-owned by a privileged Group Identifier (GID), unauthorized users may be able to modify files created by others.
The only... |
| V-72045 | Medium | File systems that are being imported via Network File System (NFS) must be mounted to prevent files with the setuid and setgid bit set from being executed. | The "nosuid" mount option causes the system to not execute "setuid" and "setgid" files with owner privileges. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved "setuid"... |
| V-72215 | Medium | The system must update the DoD-approved virus scan program every seven days or more frequently. | Virus scanning software can be used to protect a system from penetration from computer viruses and to limit their spread through intermediate systems.
The virus scanning software should be... |
| V-72043 | Medium | File systems that are used with removable media must be mounted to prevent files with the setuid and setgid bit set from being executed. | The "nosuid" mount option causes the system to not execute "setuid" and "setgid" files with owner privileges. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved "setuid"... |
| V-72041 | Medium | File systems that contain user home directories must be mounted to prevent files with the setuid and setgid bit set from being executed. | The "nosuid" mount option causes the system to not execute setuid and setgid files with owner privileges. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved setuid and... |
| V-72211 | Medium | The rsyslog daemon must not accept log messages from other servers unless the server is being used for log aggregation. | Unintentionally running a rsyslog server accepting remote messages puts the system at increased risk. Malicious rsyslog messages sent to the server could exploit vulnerabilities in the server... |
| V-72133 | Medium | All uses of the ftruncate command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72139 | Medium | All uses of the chcon command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72131 | Medium | All uses of the truncate command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72165 | Medium | All uses of the newgrp command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72137 | Medium | All uses of the setsebool command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72057 | Medium | Kernel core dumps must be disabled unless needed. | Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. Kernel core dumps may consume a considerable amount of disk space and may result in denial of service by... |
| V-72229 | Medium | The operating system must implement cryptography to protect the integrity of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) communications. | Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.
Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include,... |
| V-72167 | Medium | All uses of the chsh command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-71929 | Medium | Passwords for new users must be restricted to a 60-day maximum lifetime. | Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked. Therefore, passwords need to be changed periodically. If the operating system does not limit the lifetime of passwords and force... |
| V-72135 | Medium | All uses of the semanage command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72115 | Medium | All uses of the lsetxattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-71899 | Medium | The operating system must initiate a session lock for the screensaver after a period of inactivity for graphical user interfaces. | A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the... |
| V-72117 | Medium | All uses of the removexattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72111 | Medium | All uses of the setxattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72189 | Medium | All uses of the delete_module command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72113 | Medium | All uses of the fsetxattr command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-71951 | Medium | The delay between logon prompts following a failed console logon attempt must be at least four seconds. | Configuring the operating system to implement organization-wide security implementation guides and security checklists verifies compliance with federal standards and establishes a common security... |
| V-72195 | Medium | All uses of the modprobe command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72269 | Medium | The operating system must, for networked systems, synchronize clocks with a server that is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS). | Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when... |
| V-72191 | Medium | All uses of the insmod command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72193 | Medium | All uses of the rmmod command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72033 | Medium | All local initialization files must have mode 0740 or less permissive. | Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon logon. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. |
| V-72263 | Medium | The SSH daemon must perform strict mode checking of home directory configuration files. | If other users have access to modify user-specific SSH configuration files, they may be able to log on to the system as another user. |
| V-72055 | Medium | If the cron.allow file exists it must be group-owned by root. | If the group owner of the "cron.allow" file is not set to root, sensitive information could be viewed or edited by unauthorized users. |
| V-72261 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not permit Kerberos authentication unless needed. | Kerberos authentication for SSH is often implemented using Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSSAPI). If Kerberos is enabled through SSH, the SSH daemon provides a means of... |
| V-72163 | Medium | All uses of the sudoers command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72199 | Medium | All uses of the rename command must be audited. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system... |
| V-71909 | Medium | When passwords are changed or new passwords are assigned, the new password must contain at least one special character. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-72265 | Medium | The SSH daemon must use privilege separation. | SSH daemon privilege separation causes the SSH process to drop root privileges when not needed, which would decrease the impact of software vulnerabilities in the unprivileged section. |
| V-72053 | Medium | If the cron.allow file exists it must be owned by root. | If the owner of the "cron.allow" file is not set to root, the possibility exists for an unauthorized user to view or to edit sensitive information. |
| V-72289 | Medium | The system must prevent Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages from being accepted. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An... |
| V-72051 | Medium | Cron logging must be implemented. | Cron logging can be used to trace the successful or unsuccessful execution of cron jobs. It can also be used to spot intrusions into the use of the cron facility by unauthorized and malicious users. |
| V-71933 | Medium | Passwords must be prohibited from reuse for a minimum of five generations. | Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. If the information system or application allows the... |
| V-72101 | Medium | All uses of the lchown command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72107 | Medium | All uses of the fchmod command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72105 | Medium | All uses of the chmod command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72187 | Medium | All uses of the init_module command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72185 | Medium | All uses of the pam_timestamp_check command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-73163 | Medium | The audit system must take appropriate action when there is an error sending audit records to a remote system. | Taking appropriate action when there is an error sending audit records to a remote system will minimize the possibility of losing audit records. |
| V-72271 | Medium | The operating system must protect against or limit the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by validating the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces. | DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity.
This... |
| V-73161 | Medium | File systems that are being imported via Network File System (NFS) must be mounted to prevent binary files from being executed. | The "noexec" mount option causes the system to not execute binary files. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved binary files as they may be incompatible.... |
| V-72273 | Medium | The operating system must enable an application firewall, if available. | Firewalls protect computers from network attacks by blocking or limiting access to open network ports. Application firewalls limit which applications are allowed to communicate over the... |
| V-73165 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events that affect /etc/group. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72089 | Medium | The operating system must immediately notify the System Administrator (SA) and Information System Security Officer ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity. | If security personnel are not notified immediately when storage volume reaches 75 percent utilization, they are unable to plan for audit record storage capacity expansion. |
| V-71945 | Medium | If three unsuccessful root logon attempts within 15 minutes occur the associated account must be locked. | By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the... |
| V-71949 | Medium | Users must re-authenticate for privilege escalation. | Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization.
When operating systems provide the capability to escalate a functional... |
| V-72147 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all successful account access events. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72083 | Medium | The operating system must off-load audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited. | Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration.
Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage... |
| V-72081 | Medium | The operating system must shut down upon audit processing failure, unless availability is an overriding concern. If availability is a concern, the system must alert the designated staff (System Administrator [SA] and Information System Security Officer [ISSO] at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure. | It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an... |
| V-72087 | Medium | The audit system must take appropriate action when the audit storage volume is full. | Taking appropriate action in case of a filled audit storage volume will minimize the possibility of losing audit records. |
| V-71917 | Medium | When passwords are changed the number of repeating characters of the same character class must not be more than four characters. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-72085 | Medium | The operating system must encrypt the transfer of audit records off-loaded onto a different system or media from the system being audited. | Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration.
Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage... |
| V-71947 | Medium | Users must provide a password for privilege escalation. | Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization.
When operating systems provide the capability to escalate a functional... |
| V-72145 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all unsuccessful account access events. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72267 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow compression or must only allow compression after successful authentication. | If compression is allowed in an SSH connection prior to authentication, vulnerabilities in the compression software could result in compromise of the system from an unauthenticated connection,... |
| V-72169 | Medium | All uses of the sudoedit command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72143 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all successful/unsuccessful account access count events. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72245 | Medium | The system must display the date and time of the last successful account logon upon an SSH logon. | Providing users with feedback on when account accesses via SSH last occurred facilitates user recognition and reporting of unauthorized account use. |
| V-72247 | Medium | The system must not permit direct logons to the root account using remote access via SSH. | Even though the communications channel may be encrypted, an additional layer of security is gained by extending the policy of not logging on directly as root. In addition, logging on with a... |
| V-72075 | Medium | The system must not allow removable media to be used as the boot loader unless approved. | Malicious users with removable boot media can gain access to a system configured to use removable media as the boot loader. If removable media is designed to be used as the boot loader, the... |
| V-72241 | Medium | All network connections associated with SSH traffic must terminate after a period of inactivity. | Terminating an idle SSH session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console... |
| V-72073 | Medium | The file integrity tool must use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hashes for validating file contents and directories. | File integrity tools use cryptographic hashes for verifying file contents and directories have not been altered. These hashes must be FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hashes. |
| V-72243 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow authentication using rhosts authentication. | Configuring this setting for the SSH daemon provides additional assurance that remote logon via SSH will require a password, even in the event of misconfiguration elsewhere. |
| V-73167 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events that affect /etc/gshadow. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-71943 | Medium | Accounts subject to three unsuccessful logon attempts within 15 minutes must be locked for the maximum configurable period. | By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the... |
| V-72141 | Medium | All uses of the restorecon command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72249 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow authentication using known hosts authentication. | Configuring this setting for the SSH daemon provides additional assurance that remote logon via SSH will require a password, even in the event of misconfiguration elsewhere. |
| V-71941 | Medium | The operating system must disable account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) if the password expires. | Inactive identifiers pose a risk to systems and applications because attackers may exploit an inactive identifier and potentially obtain undetected access to the system. Owners of inactive... |
| V-72179 | Medium | All uses of the ssh-keysign command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-72103 | Medium | All uses of the fchownat command must be audited. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72177 | Medium | All uses of the postqueue command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-73171 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events that affect /etc/shadow. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72175 | Medium | All uses of the postdrop command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-73173 | Medium | The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events that affect /etc/opasswd. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-72173 | Medium | All uses of the umount command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-73175 | Medium | The system must ignore Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An... |
| V-72171 | Medium | All uses of the mount command must be audited. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of... |
| V-73177 | Medium | Wireless network adapters must be disabled. | The use of wireless networking can introduce many different attack vectors into the organization's network. Common attack vectors such as malicious association and ad hoc networks will allow an... |
| V-72003 | Low | All Group Identifiers (GIDs) referenced in the /etc/passwd file must be defined in the /etc/group file. | If a user is assigned the GID of a group not existing on the system, and a group with the GID is subsequently created, the user may have unintended rights to any files associated with the group. |
| V-72061 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for /var. | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-72063 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for the system audit data path. | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-71987 | Low | The operating system must remove all software components after updated versions have been installed. | Previous versions of software components that are not removed from the information system after updates have been installed may be exploited by adversaries. Some information technology products... |
| V-72281 | Low | For systems using DNS resolution, at least two name servers must be configured. | To provide availability for name resolution services, multiple redundant name servers are mandated. A failure in name resolution could lead to the failure of security functions requiring name... |
| V-72217 | Low | The operating system must limit the number of concurrent sessions to 10 for all accounts and/or account types. | Operating system management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions that utilize an operating system. Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user is... |
| V-72059 | Low | A separate file system must be used for user home directories (such as /home or an equivalent). | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-72069 | Low | The file integrity tool must be configured to verify Access Control Lists (ACLs). | ACLs can provide permissions beyond those permitted through the file mode and must be verified by file integrity tools. |
| V-72065 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for /tmp (or equivalent). | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-72275 | Low | The system must display the date and time of the last successful account logon upon logon. | Providing users with feedback on when account accesses last occurred facilitates user recognition and reporting of unauthorized account use. |
| V-72071 | Low | The file integrity tool must be configured to verify extended attributes. | Extended attributes in file systems are used to contain arbitrary data and file metadata with security implications. |
