DBA OS accounts must be granted only those host system privileges necessary for the administration of the DBMS.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-237696	O121-C1-004500	SV-237696r667120_rule		High

Description
This requirement is intended to limit exposure due to operating from within a privileged account or role. The inclusion of role is intended to address those situations where an access control policy, such as Role Based Access Control (RBAC), is being implemented and where a change of role provides the same degree of assurance in the change of access authorizations for both the user and all processes acting on behalf of the user as would be provided by a change between a privileged and non-privileged account. DBAs, if assigned excessive OS privileges, could perform actions that could endanger the information system or hide evidence of malicious activity.

Description

This requirement is intended to limit exposure due to operating from within a privileged account or role. The inclusion of role is intended to address those situations where an access control policy, such as Role Based Access Control (RBAC), is being implemented and where a change of role provides the same degree of assurance in the change of access authorizations for both the user and all processes acting on behalf of the user as would be provided by a change between a privileged and non-privileged account. DBAs, if assigned excessive OS privileges, could perform actions that could endanger the information system or hide evidence of malicious activity.

STIG	Date
Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide	2021-04-06

Details

Check Text ( C-40915r667118_chk )
Review host system privileges assigned to the Oracle DBA group and all individual Oracle DBA accounts. Note: do not include the Oracle software installation account in any results for this check. For UNIX systems (as root): cat /etc/group \| grep -i dba groups root If "root" is returned in the first list, this is a finding. If any accounts listed in the first list are also listed in the second list, this is a finding. Investigate any user account group memberships other than DBA or root groups that are returned by the following command (also as root): groups [dba user account] Replace [dba user account] with the user account name of each DBA account. If individual DBA accounts are assigned to groups that grant access or privileges for purposes other than DBA responsibilities, this is a finding. For Windows Systems (click or select): Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Groups / ORA_DBA Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Groups / ORA_[SID]_DBA (if present) Note: Users assigned DBA privileges on a Windows host are granted membership in the ORA_DBA and/or ORA_[SID]_DBA groups. The ORA_DBA group grants DBA privileges to any database on the system. The ORA_[SID]_DBA groups grant DBA privileges to specific Oracle instances only. Make a note of each user listed. For each user (click or select): Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Users / [DBA user name] / Member of If DBA users belong to any groups other than DBA groups and the Windows Users group, this is a finding. Examine User Rights assigned to DBA groups or group members: Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Local Security Policy / Security Settings / Local Policies / User Rights Assignments If any User Rights are assigned directly to the DBA group(s) or DBA user accounts, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-40915r667118_chk )

Review host system privileges assigned to the Oracle DBA group and all individual Oracle DBA accounts.

Note: do not include the Oracle software installation account in any results for this check.

For UNIX systems (as root):
cat /etc/group | grep -i dba
groups root

If "root" is returned in the first list, this is a finding.

If any accounts listed in the first list are also listed in the second list, this is a finding.

Investigate any user account group memberships other than DBA or root groups that are returned by the following command (also as root):

groups [dba user account]

Replace [dba user account] with the user account name of each DBA account.

If individual DBA accounts are assigned to groups that grant access or privileges for purposes other than DBA responsibilities, this is a finding.

For Windows Systems (click or select):
Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Groups / ORA_DBA
Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Groups / ORA_[SID]_DBA (if present)

Note: Users assigned DBA privileges on a Windows host are granted membership in the ORA_DBA and/or ORA_[SID]_DBA groups. The ORA_DBA group grants DBA privileges to any database on the system. The ORA_[SID]_DBA groups grant DBA privileges to specific Oracle instances only.

Make a note of each user listed. For each user (click or select):
Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Computer Management / Local Users and Groups / Users / [DBA user name] / Member of

If DBA users belong to any groups other than DBA groups and the Windows Users group, this is a finding.

Examine User Rights assigned to DBA groups or group members:
Start / Settings / Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Local Security Policy / Security Settings / Local Policies / User Rights Assignments

If any User Rights are assigned directly to the DBA group(s) or DBA user accounts, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-40878r667119_fix)
Revoke all host system privileges from the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts not required for DBMS administration. Revoke all OS group memberships that assign excessive privileges to the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts. Remove any directly applied permissions or user rights from the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts. Document all DBA group accounts and individual DBA account-assigned privileges in the System Security Plan.

Fix Text (F-40878r667119_fix)

Revoke all host system privileges from the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts not required for DBMS administration.

Revoke all OS group memberships that assign excessive privileges to the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts.

Remove any directly applied permissions or user rights from the DBA group accounts and DBA user accounts.

Document all DBA group accounts and individual DBA account-assigned privileges in the System Security Plan.