| V-27265 | Medium | The network element must be configured to enable automated mechanisms to enforce access restrictions. | Changes to the hardware or software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals... |
| V-27361 | Medium | The information system must prevent remote devices that have established a non-remote connection with the system from communicating outside of the communications path with resources in external networks. | There is no way a network element connected to another node (via non-remote connection) is able to prevent one node from communicating to another node in an external network because the path may... |
| V-27345 | Medium | The network element must enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key for PKI-based authentication. | The principle factor of PKI implementation is the private key used to encrypt or digitally sign information. If the private key is discovered, an attacker can use the key to authenticate as an... |
| V-27287 | Medium | The network element must limit privileges to change software resident within software libraries. | Changes to any software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals should be... |
| V-27313 | Medium | The network element must support organizational requirements to ensure individuals are authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator.
| To assure individual accountability and prevent unauthorized access, organizational users shall be individually identified and authenticated.
Organizational users include organizational... |
| V-27508 | Medium | The network element must generate error messages providing information necessary for corrective actions without revealing organization-defined sensitive or potentially harmful information in error logs and administrative messages that could be exploited. | The extent to which the network element is able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements. However, it is imperative that the network... |
| V-27289 | Medium | The network element must implement automatic safeguards and countermeasures if security functions or mechanisms are changed inappropriately. | Changes to any software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals should be... |
| V-27312 | Medium | The network element must use multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts. | Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-27317 | Medium | The network element must use organization-defined replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. The authenticator must be a separate device than the target device for which the... |
| V-27343 | Medium | The network element must enforce maximum password lifetime restrictions. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27418 | Medium | The network element must prevent non-privileged users from circumventing malicious code protection capabilities. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. It can be transported by electronic mail, mail attachments, Web accesses, removable media, or other common means. Malicious... |
| V-27419 | Medium | The network element must deny network traffic by default and allow network traffic by exception at all interfaces at the network perimeter. | All inbound and outbound traffic must be denied by default. Firewalls and perimeter routers should only allow traffic through that is explicitly permitted. The initial defense for the internal... |
| V-27340 | Medium | The network element must enforce password encryption for storage. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27370 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity and confidentiality of non-local maintenance and diagnostic communications. | Network management is the process of monitoring network elements and links, configuring network elements, and enabling network services. Network management also includes the collection of... |
| V-27412 | Medium | The network element must address the receipt of false positives during malicious code detection and eradication and the resulting potential impact on the availability of the system. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27413 | Medium | The network element must be configured to implement automated mechanisms on an organization-defined frequency to determine the state of information system components with regard to flaw remediation. | It is imperative that the activity promptly installs security-relevant software updates to mitigate the risk of new vulnerabilities. Flaws discovered during security assessments, continuous... |
| V-27410 | Medium | The network element must prevent discovery of specific system components or devices composing a managed interface. | Allowing neighbor discovery messages to reach external network nodes is dangerous as it provides an attacker a method to obtain information of the network infrastructure that can be useful to plan... |
| V-27341 | Medium | The network element must enforce password encryption for transmission. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27416 | Medium | The network element must prevent access into the organization’s internal networks except as explicitly permitted and controlled by employing boundary protection devices. | The enclave’s internal network contains the servers where mission critical data and applications reside. There should never be connection attempts made to these devices from any host outside of... |
| V-26997 | Medium | The network element must produce log records that contain sufficient information to establish what type of events occurred. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27414 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to enforce strict adherence to protocol format. | Crafted packets not conforming to Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards can be used by malicious people to exploit a host’s protocol stack to create a Denial of... |
| V-27415 | Medium | The network element must automatically update malicious code protection mechanisms and signature definitions. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. It can be transported by electronic mail, mail attachments, Web accesses, removable media, or other common means. Malicious... |
| V-26727 | Medium | The network element must prevent access to organization-defined security-relevant information except during secure, non-operable system states. | Security-relevant information is any information within the information system that can potentially impact the operation of security functions in a manner that could result in failure to enforce... |
| V-26726 | Medium | The information system must enforce an organization-defined Discretionary Access Control (DAC) policy allowing users to specify and control sharing by named individuals, groups of individuals, or by both, limiting propagation of access rights and including or excluding access to the granularity of a single user. | Sharing is not applicable to network elements. |
| V-26725 | Medium | The network element must implement nondiscretionary access control policies over an organization-defined set of users and resources. | Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, etc.) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, policy maps, cryptography) are employed by... |
| V-27491 | Medium | The network element must detect attack attempts to the wireless network. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-26723 | Medium | The network element must enforce the assigned privilege level for each administrator and authorizations for access to all commands relative to the privilege level in accordance with applicable policy for the device. | The use of Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) affords the best methods for controlling user access, authorization levels, and activity logging. Privilege levels as well as what... |
| V-27497 | Medium | The network element must generate unique session identifiers with organization-defined randomness requirements. | Peering neighbors must have a level of trust with each other since information being shared is used to provide network services, connectivity, and optimized routing. Corrupted or erroneous... |
| V-26721 | Medium | The network element must monitor for irregular usage of administrative user accounts. | Atypical account usage is behavior that is not part of normal usage cycles, e.g., accounts logging in after hours or on weekends. |
| V-27363 | Medium | The information system or supporting environment must block both inbound and outbound traffic between instant messaging clients independently configured by end users and external service providers. | There are no network elements within the network infrastructure that are collaborative computing devices. |
| V-26885 | Medium | The network element must only allow authorized entities to change security attributes. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27201 | Medium | The network element must protect audit tools from unauthorized modification. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27499 | Medium | The information system must check the validity of information inputs. | There is no applicability for any network element. This would be directly for an application receiving input for a database. |
| V-27207 | Medium | The network element must protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27369 | Medium | The network element must protect non-local maintenance sessions by separating the maintenance session from other network sessions with the device by either physically separated communications paths, or logically separated communications paths based upon encryption. | Network management is the process of monitoring network elements and links, configuring network elements, and enabling network services. Network management also includes the collection of... |
| V-26744 | Medium | The network element must decompose information into policy-relevant subcomponents for submission to policy enforcement mechanisms when transferring information between different security domains. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27367 | Medium | The network element must prevent the download of prohibited mobile code. | Decisions regarding the employment of mobile code within network elements are based on the potential for the code to cause damage to the system if used maliciously. Mobile code technologies... |
| V-27305 | Medium | The network element must support organizational requirements to conduct backups of user-level information contained in the device per organization-defined frequency that is consistent with recovery time and recovery point objectives. | User information contained on a network element is associated to the users account and the resources the user is authorized to access. If this information becomes corrupted by hardware failures or... |
| V-27123 | Medium | The network element must provide an audit reduction capability. | to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom in order to compile an accurate risk assessment. Logging the actions of specific events... |
| V-26899 | Medium | The network element must allow authorized users to associate security attributes with information. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27112 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to alert security personnel of any inappropriate or unusual activities with security implications. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27292 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to centrally apply configuration settings. | Uncoordinated or incorrect configuration changes to network components can potentially lead to network outages and possibly compromises. Centrally managing configuration changes for network... |
| V-27293 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to centrally verify configuration settings. | Uncoordinated or incorrect configuration changes to network components can potentially lead to network outages and possibly compromises. Centrally managing configuration changes for network... |
| V-27295 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to respond to unauthorized changes to organization-defined configuration settings. | Uncoordinated or incorrect configuration changes to network components can potentially lead to network outages and possibly compromises. Centrally managing configuration changes for network... |
| V-27296 | Medium | The network element must ensure that detected unauthorized security-relevant configuration changes are tracked. | Uncoordinated or incorrect configuration changes to network components can potentially lead to network outages and possibly compromises. Centrally managing configuration changes for network... |
| V-27350 | Medium | The network element must be configured to automatically disable the device if any of the organization-defined list of security violations are detected. | To reduce or eliminate the risk of the network or the network element itself to be compromised, the device must be configured to disable itself depending on the violation or when it is not able to... |
| V-27298 | Medium | The network element must not have unnecessary services and capabilities enabled. | A compromised network element introduces risk to the entire network infrastructure as well as data resources that are accessible via the network. The perimeter defense has no oversight or control... |
| V-27482 | Medium | The network element must take an organization-defined list of least-disruptive actions to terminate suspicious events. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27353 | Medium | The network element must automate mechanisms to restrict the use of maintenance tools to authorized personnel only. | With the growth of widespread network-delivered malware infections, organizations tend to overlook the spread of malware from system to system through removable media. Once an infected media is... |
| V-27514 | Medium | The network element must enforce password complexity by the number of special characters used. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27493 | Medium | The organization must employ malicious code protection mechanisms at workstations, servers, or mobile computing devices on the network to detect and take action on unsolicited messages transported by electronic mail, electronic mail attachments, Web accesses, removable media, or other common means. | SI-8 is all for spam protection. Network elements do not receive mail. |
| V-27372 | Medium | The network element must enforce identification and authentication for the establishment of non-local maintenance and diagnostic sessions. | Lack of authentication enables anyone to gain access to the network or possibly a network element providing opportunity for intruders to compromise resources within the network infrastructure.... |
| V-26898 | Medium | The network element must maintain the binding of security attributes to information with sufficient assurance that the information-attribute association can be used as the basis for automated policy actions. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27218 | Medium | The network element must use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit information. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27219 | Medium | The network element must use cryptography to protect the integrity of audit tools. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential that security personnel know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27199 | Medium | The network element must protect audit tools from unauthorized access. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27352 | Medium | The organization must check all media containing diagnostic and test programs for malicious code before the media are used in the information system. | This requirement is to ensure that the media containing the application is scanned for malicious code prior to use. Hence, this would not be specific to a network element as it is a procedure for... |
| V-27355 | Medium | The network element must protect non-local maintenance sessions through the use of multifactor authentication. | Lack of authentication enables anyone to gain access to the network or possibly a network element that provides opportunity for intruders to compromise resources within the network infrastructure.... |
| V-27354 | Medium | The network element must log non-local maintenance and diagnostic sessions. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27468 | Medium | The network element must employ NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information. | Whether a network is being managed locally or from a Network Operations Center (NOC), achieving network management objectives depends on comprehensive and reliable network management solutions. To... |
| V-27359 | Medium | The information system must not share resources used to interface with systems operating at different security levels. | A network element will not be interfacing with domains at different security levels. |
| V-27358 | Medium | The organization (or information system) must enforce explicit rules governing the installation of software by users. | Installation of software cannot be done on network appliances. Restrictions for any of the servers (NTP, syslog, AAA, etc.) would be covered under the OS SRG. |
| V-27465 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic protections using cryptographic modules complying with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. | Whether a network is being managed locally or from a Network Operations Center (NOC), achieving network management objectives depends on comprehensive and reliable network management solutions. To... |
| V-27464 | Medium | The network element must produce, control, and distribute asymmetric cryptographic keys using approved PKI Class 3 or Class 4 certificates and hardware security tokens that protect the user’s private key. | The escalating use of cryptography has brought forth a huge challenge for organizations to protect and manage the hundreds and even thousands of cryptographic keys employed during daily... |
| V-26738 | Medium | The network element must enforce approved authorizations for controlling the flow of information within the network in accordance with applicable policy. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27196 | Medium | The network element must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27461 | Medium | The information system at organization-defined information system components must load and execute the operating environment from hardware-enforced, read-only media. | With the exception of auxiliary components hosted on servers, network elements will not have any CD drives. |
| V-27194 | Medium | The network element must protect audit information from unauthorized modification. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27467 | Medium | The network element must employ FIPS-validated cryptography to protect unclassified information. | Cryptography is only as strong as the encryption modules/algorithms that are employed to encrypt the data. Use of weak or un-tested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing... |
| V-27490 | Medium | The organization must employ malicious code protection mechanisms at information system entry and exit points to detect and take action on unsolicited messages transported by electronic mail, electronic mail attachments, Web accesses, removable media, or other common means. | SI-8 is all for spam protection. Network elements do not receive mail. |
| V-26993 | Medium | The network element must monitor for unauthorized connections of mobile devices to information systems. | Wireless services enable users within close proximity of access points to have access to data and services within the private network. The security boundary of a Wireless LAN extends from the... |
| V-27192 | Medium | The network element must protect audit information from unauthorized read access. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26991 | Medium | The network element must protect wireless access to the network using authentication. | The security boundary of a Wireless LAN (WLAN) extends from the client device to the network boundary where network access is controlled. This boundary represents the portion of the network most... |
| V-27213 | Medium | The network element must backup log records on an organization-defined frequency onto a different system or media. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26994 | Medium | The network element must enforce requirements for the connection of mobile devices to organizational information systems. | Wireless services enable users within close proximity of access points to have access to data and services within the private network. The security boundary of a Wireless LAN extends from the... |
| V-26797 | Medium | The information system must provide additional protection for mobile devices accessed via login by purging information from the device after organization-defined number of consecutive, unsuccessful login attempts to the mobile device. | This requirement applies only to mobile devices for which a login occurs (e.g., personal digital assistants and smart phones) and not to mobile devices accessed without a login such as removable... |
| V-27108 | Medium | The network element must centralize the review and analysis of audit records from multiple network elements within the network. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27463 | Medium | The network element must produce, control, and distribute asymmetric cryptographic keys using approved PKI Class 3 certificates or prepositioned keying material. | The escalating use of cryptography has brought forth a huge challenge for organizations to protect and manage the hundreds and even thousands of cryptographic keys employed during daily... |
| V-27262 | Medium | The information system must provide the capability to capture/record and log all content related to a user session. | Network elements do not provide user access. Hence, they would not provide any capability to enable users to establish a session. Therefore there would be no user session log information to... |
| V-26996 | Medium | The information system must employ automated mechanisms to enable authorized users to make information sharing decisions based on access authorizations of sharing partners and access restrictions on information to be shared. | Network elements do not share information with partners. |
| V-26739 | Medium | The network element must enforce approved authorizations for controlling the flow of information between interconnected networks in accordance with applicable policy. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27225 | Medium | The network must element protect against an individual falsely denying having performed a particular action. | Non-repudiation of actions taken by an administrator is required in order to maintain integrity of the configuration management process. This requires that all configuration changes to the network... |
| V-30420 | Medium | The network element must prevent the execution of prohibited mobile code. | Decisions regarding the employment of mobile code within network elements are based on the potential for the code to cause damage to the system if used maliciously. Mobile code technologies... |
| V-27223 | Medium | The network element must protect the audit records of non-local accesses to privileged accounts and the execution of privileged functions. | Auditing may not be reliable when performed by the network element to which the user being audited has privileged access. The privileged user may inhibit auditing or modify audit records. This... |
| V-26781 | Medium | The network element must enforce information flow control on metadata. | Metadata is defined as data providing information about one or more other pieces of data such as purpose of the data, author or creator of the data, and network location of where data was... |
| V-27074 | Medium | The network element must invoke a system shutdown in the event of an audit failure, unless an alternative audit capability exists. | It is critical that when a network device is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the failure. If the device were to continue processing without... |
| V-26783 | Medium | The network element must enforce organization-defined one-way traffic flows using hardware mechanisms. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27228 | Medium | The information system must associate the identity of the information producer with the information. | Network elements do not have information created and maintained by information owners nor do they transfer information. |
| V-26793 | Medium | The information system must track problems associated with the information transfer. | Network elements do not bind security attributes with packets it is forwarding. It may use Quality of Service (QoS) along with L2 and L3 headers, but not security attributes. |
| V-27504 | Medium | The network element must provide notification of failed automated security tests. | Upon detection of a failure of an automated security self-test, the network element must respond in accordance with organization-defined responses and alternative actions. Without taking any... |
| V-27505 | Medium | The network element must provide automated support for the management of distributed security testing. | The need to verify security functionality is necessary to ensure that the network element’s defense is enabled. To scale the deployment of the verification process, the network element must... |
| V-27506 | Medium | The network element must detect unauthorized changes to software and information. | Anomalous behavior and unauthorized changes must be detected before the network element is breeched or no longer in service. Identifying the source and method used to make the unauthorized change... |
| V-27507 | Medium | The network element must be configured to identify and respond to potential security-relevant error conditions. | Error messages generated by various components and services of the network element can indicate a possible security violation or breach. It is imperative the network element is configured to be... |
| V-27478 | Medium | The network element must monitor inbound and outbound communications for unusual or unauthorized activities or conditions. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27501 | Medium | The network element must verify the correct operation of security functions in accordance with organization-defined conditions and in accordance with organization-defined frequency (if periodic verification). | The need to verify security functionality is necessary to ensure that the network element’s defense is enabled. For those security functions that are not able to execute automated self-tests the... |
| V-27348 | Medium | The network element must use mechanisms for authentication to a cryptographic module that meet the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for such authentication. | Network elements not protected with strong passwords provide the opportunity for anyone to crack the password thus gaining access to the system and the network. All passwords must be kept and... |
| V-27503 | Medium | The network element must respond to security function anomalies in accordance with organization-defined responses and alternative actions. | The need to verify security functionality is necessary to ensure that the network element’s defense is enabled. For those security functions that are not able to execute automated self-tests the... |
| V-26709 | Medium | The network element must provide automated support for account management functions. | Account management and distribution is vital to the security of any network element. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a... |
| V-27347 | Medium | The network element must obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible use by unauthorized individuals. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure that only the assigned individual is using the account, the account... |
| V-27344 | Medium | The network element must validate certificates used for PKI-based authentication by constructing a certification path with status information to an accepted trust anchor. | A trust anchor is an authoritative entity represented via a public key. Within a chain of trust, the top entity to be trusted is the "root certificate" or "trust anchors" such as a Certification... |
| V-27477 | Medium | The organization must install software updates automatically. | Network element updates must be planned for during a scheduled network outage. |
| V-27470 | Medium | The network element must employ FIPS-validated cryptography to protect information when such information must be separated from individuals who have the necessary clearances yet lack the necessary access approvals. | Cryptography is only as strong as the encryption modules/algorithms employed to encrypt the data. Use of weak or un-tested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to... |
| V-27509 | Medium | The network element must activate an organization-defined alarm when a system component failure is detected. | A network element with a failing security component can potentially put the entire network at risk. If key components to maintaining network security fail to function, it is possible the network... |
| V-27472 | Medium | The network element must protect the integrity and availability of publicly available information and applications. | Public-facing servers enable access to information to clients outside of the enclave. These servers are subject to greater exposure to attacks. It is imperative that the integrity of the data is... |
| V-27473 | Medium | The network element must associate security attributes with information exchanged between network elements. | Security attributes are associated with internal structures within the network element used to enable the implementation of access control and flow control policies or support other aspects of the... |
| V-26740 | Medium | The network element must enforce information flow control using explicit security attributes on information, source, and destination objects as a basis for flow control decisions. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-26990 | Medium | The network element must enforce requirements for remote connections to the network. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Enabling... |
| V-26988 | Medium | The network element must audit remote sessions for accessing an organization-defined list of security functions and security-relevant information. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Monitoring of... |
| V-27006 | Medium | The network element logging facility must be configured to reduce the likelihood of log record capacity being exceeded. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26796 | Medium | The network element must provide the capability for a privileged administrator to configure organization-defined security policy filters to support different security policies. | Each account should grant access to only those privileges the system administrator is authorized for. By not restricting system administrators to their proper privilege levels, access to... |
| V-27492 | Medium | The network element must detect rogue wireless devices, attack attempts, and potential compromises or breaches to the wireless network. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-26794 | Medium | The network element must implement separation of duties through assigned information system access authorizations. | The use of Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) affords the best methods for controlling user access, authorization levels, and activity logging. By enabling AAA on the network... |
| V-26795 | Medium | The network element must audit the use of privileged accounts when accessing configuration and operational commands enabled for non-privileged accounts. | Each account should grant access to only those privileges the system administrator is authorized for. By not restricting system administrators to their proper privilege levels, access to... |
| V-27138 | Medium | The network element must synchronize its internal clock on an organization-defined frequency with an organization-defined authoritative time source. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26743 | Medium | The network element must identify information flows by data type specification and usage when transferring information between different security domains. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27365 | Medium | The organization must prohibit remote activation of collaborative computing devices excluding the organization-defined exceptions where remote activation is allowed. | There are no network elements within the network infrastructure that are collaborative computing devices. |
| V-27264 | Medium | The network element must enforce access restrictions associated with changes to the information system. | Changes to the hardware or software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals... |
| V-27366 | Medium | The organization must ensure the development of mobile code being deployed in information systems meeting organization-defined mobile code requirements. | Development of mobile code is not applicable to network elements. |
| V-26798 | Medium | The network element must enforce the organization-defined limit of consecutive invalid access attempts by a user during the organization-defined time period. | A malicious or unauthorized user could gain access to a network element by guessing or using methods such as dictionary attack, word list substitution, or brute force attack—all of which require... |
| V-26799 | Medium | The network element must enforce the organization-defined time period during which the limit of consecutive invalid access attempts by a user is counted. | A malicious or unauthorized user could gain access to a network element by guessing or using methods such as dictionary attack, word list substitution, or brute force attack—all of which require... |
| V-26758 | Medium | The network element must uniquely authenticate source domains for information transfer. | Identifying source and destination addresses for information flows within the network allows forensic reconstruction of events when required, and increases policy compliance by attributing policy... |
| V-27233 | Medium | The information system must validate the binding of the information producer’s identity to the information. | Network elements are not incorporated for the purpose of creating information for production. |
| V-26724 | Medium | The network element must enforce dual authorization based on organizational policies and procedures for organization-defined privileged commands. | Dual authorization mechanisms require two forms of approval to execute. An organization may determine certain commands or network element configuration changes require dual-authorization before... |
| V-27133 | Medium | The network element must use internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27234 | Medium | The information system must maintain reviewer/releaser identity and credentials within the established chain of custody for all information reviewed or released. | Network elements are not incorporated for the purpose of creating information for production and release. |
| V-27235 | Medium | The information system must validate the binding of the reviewer’s identity to the information at the transfer/release point prior to release/transfer from one security domain to another security domain. | Network elements do not have information for review that is released and transferred from one security domain to another. |
| V-27360 | Medium | The information system must fail securely in the event of an operational failure of a boundary protection device. | Network elements cannot be taken down as a result of any upstream security violations or failures. If a network at the edge shuts down -- traffic will not enter nor exit. |
| V-26813 | Medium | The network element must notify the user of the number of unsuccessful login attempts to the local device occurring during organization-defined time period. | Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last unsuccessful login to the device allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an... |
| V-26812 | Medium | The network element must notify the user of the number of successful login attempts to the local device occurring during an organization-defined time period. | Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last successful login allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an opportunity to... |
| V-26815 | Medium | The network element must limit the number of concurrent sessions for each account to an organization-defined number. | This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for a given information system account and does not address concurrent sessions by a single user via multiple accounts. Limiting the number of... |
| V-26814 | Medium | The network element must notify the user of organization-defined security-related changes to the user’s account occurring during the organization-defined time period. | Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last successful login allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an opportunity to... |
| V-26817 | Medium | The information system must initiate a session lock after the organization-defined time period of inactivity. | As configuration changes are made to a router, switch, or firewall, they are applied to the running configuration. There is nothing lost. If the user has not saved the running configuration to... |
| V-26722 | Medium | The network element must be configured to dynamically manage administrative privileges and associated command authorizations. | Web services are web applications that provide a method of communication between two or more different electronic devices. They are normally used by applications to provide each other with data.... |
| V-27449 | Medium | The network element must take corrective action when unauthorized mobile code is identified. | The mobile code paradigm encompasses programs that can be executed on one or several hosts other than the one they originate from. Mobility of such programs implies some built-in capability for... |
| V-26710 | Medium | The network element must automatically terminate temporary accounts after an organization-defined time period for each type of account. | Authentication for administrative access to the device is required at all times. A single account can be created on the device's local database for use in an emergency such as when the... |
| V-27339 | Medium | The network element must enforce the number of characters changed when passwords are changed. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-26742 | Medium | The network element must provide the capability for a privileged administrator to configure the organization-defined security policy filters to support different security policies. | The network element must be configured to restrict management access according to the privilege level the user has been granted. Authorization to add, modify, or delete security policies must... |
| V-26718 | Medium | The network element must notify the appropriate individuals when account disabling actions are taken. | Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a secured manner by granting access to only authorized personnel with the appropriate and... |
| V-26818 | Medium | The information system must retain the session lock until the user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures. | With a router or firewall—at least Cisco, as any configuration changes are made, they are applied to the running configuration. There is nothing lost. If the user has not saved the running... |
| V-27333 | Medium | The network element must enforce minimum password length. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27332 | Medium | The network element must support organizational requirements to disable the user identifiers after an organization-defined time period of inactivity. | Inactive user accounts pose a risk to systems and applications. Owners of inactive accounts will not notice if unauthorized access to their user account has been obtained. Attackers that are able... |
| V-27443 | Medium | The network element must terminate the connection associated with a communications session at the end of the session or after an organization-defined time period of inactivity. | Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled between the managed network... |
| V-26720 | Medium | The network element must notify the appropriate individuals for account termination. | Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a secured manner by granting access to only authorized personnel with the appropriate and... |
| V-27445 | Medium | The network element must establish a trusted communications path between the user and organization-defined security functions within the information system. | To safeguard critical information that could be used by a malicious user to compromise the device or the entire network infrastructure, a trusted path is required for high-confidence connections... |
| V-26713 | Medium | The network element must automatically audit the creation of accounts. | Account management and distribution is vital to the security of any network element. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a... |
| V-27335 | Medium | The network element must enforce password complexity by the number of upper case characters used. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27334 | Medium | The network element must prohibit password reuse for the organization-defined number of generations. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-26763 | Medium | The network element must implement security policies for all traffic flows by using security zones at various protection levels as a basis for flow control decisions. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-26756 | Medium | The network element must enforce security policies regarding information on interconnected systems. | Transferring information between interconnected information systems of differing security policies introduces the risk of the transfers violating one or more policies. It is imperative for policy... |
| V-27498 | Medium | The information system must automatically update spam protection mechanisms (including signature definitions). | SI-8 is all for spam protection. Network elements do not receive mail. |
| V-26757 | Medium | The network element must uniquely identify source domains for information transfer. | Identifying source and destination addresses for information flows within the network allows forensic reconstruction of events when required, and increases policy compliance by attributing policy... |
| V-27129 | Medium | The network element must provide the capability to automatically process log records for events of interest based upon selectable criteria. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26802 | Medium | The network element must display an approved banner to the administrator and is retained on the screen until the administrator takes explicit actions to log on. | All network devices must present a DoD approved warning banner prior to a system administrator logging on. The banner should warn any unauthorized user not to proceed. It also should provide clear... |
| V-26803 | Medium | The network element must display must display an approved system use notification message or banner before granting access to the device. | All network devices must present a DoD approved warning banner before granting access to the device. The banner shall be formatted in accordance with the DoD policy "Use of DoD Information... |
| V-26800 | Medium | The network element must automatically lock out an account after the maximum number of unsuccessful attempts is exceeded and remain locked until released by an administrator. | A malicious or unauthorized user could gain access to a network element by guessing or using methods such as dictionary attack, word list substitution, or brute force attack—all of which require... |
| V-26801 | Medium | The network element must display an approved system use notification message or banner before granting access to the system. | All network devices must present a DoD approved warning banner prior to a system administrator logging on. The banner should warn any unauthorized user not to proceed. It also should provide clear... |
| V-27496 | Medium | The organization must update spam protection mechanisms (including signature definitions) when new releases are available in accordance with organizational configuration management policy and procedures. | SI-8 is all for spam protection. Network elements do not receive mail. |
| V-27495 | Medium | The network element must recognize only system-generated session identifiers. | Peering neighbors must have a level of trust with each other since information being shared is used to provide network services, connectivity, and optimized routing. Corrupted or erroneous... |
| V-27126 | Medium | The network element must provide a report generation capability. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26808 | Medium | Upon successful logon the network element must display the date and time of the last logon of the user. | Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last successful login allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an opportunity to... |
| V-26809 | Medium | Upon successful logon the network element must display to the user the number of unsuccessful logon attempts since the last successful logon. | Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last successful login allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an opportunity to... |
| V-27009 | Medium | The network element must enforce configurable traffic volume thresholds representing logging capacity for network traffic to be logged. | Different applications have unique requirements and toleration levels for delay, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss, and availability. To manage the multitude of applications and services, a network... |
| V-27008 | Medium | The network element must provide a real-time alert when organization-defined audit failure events occur. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27454 | Medium | The network element must invalidate session identifiers upon user logout or other session termination. | Peering neighbors must have a level of trust with each other since information being shared is used to provide network services, connectivity, and optimized routing. Corrupted or erroneous... |
| V-27389 | Medium | The network element must preserve organization-defined system state information in the event of a system failure. | Failure in a known state can address safety or security in accordance with the mission needs of the organization. Failure in a known secure state helps prevent a loss of confidentiality,... |
| V-27452 | Medium | The information system must provide a readily observable logout capability whenever authentication is used to gain access to web pages. | Network elements may provide https for administrative access, but not to provide Web pages. |
| V-27450 | Medium | The network element must provide mechanisms to protect the authenticity of communications sessions. | Peering neighbors must have a level of trust with each other since information being shared is used to provide network services, connectivity, and optimized routing. Corrupted or erroneous... |
| V-27451 | Medium | The network elements that collectively provide name/address resolution service for an organization must implement internal/external role separation. | A domain name system (DNS) server is an example of an information system that provides name/address resolution service. To eliminate single points of failure and to enhance redundancy, there are... |
| V-27001 | Medium | The network element must produce audit records that contain sufficient information to establish the identity of any user or subject associated with the event. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27000 | Medium | The network element must produce log records containing sufficient information to determine if the event was a success or failure. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27003 | Medium | The network element must produce log records that contain detailed information for events identified by type, location, and subject. | Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy the requirement of this control, includes, for example,... |
| V-27002 | Medium | The network element must produce log records containing sufficient information to establish the sources of the events. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, when and by whom in order to... |
| V-27005 | Medium | The network element must be configured to allocate audit record storage capacity. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27004 | Medium | The network element must support the requirement to centrally manage the content of audit records generated by network infrastructure components. | Centrally managing audit data provides for easier management of network events and is an effective facility for monitoring and the automatic generation of alert notification. The repository of... |
| V-27007 | Medium | The network element must provide a warning when the logging storage capacity reaches an organization-defined percentage of maximum capacity. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27459 | Medium | The organization must employ organization-defined information system components with no writeable storage persistent across component restart or power on/off. | With the exception of auxiliary components hosted on servers, network elements will not have any CD drives. |
| V-27083 | Medium | The network element must be configured to send an alert to designated personnel in the event of an audit processing failure. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential that security personnel know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26759 | Medium | The network element must uniquely identify and validate destination domains for information transfer. | Identifying source and destination addresses for information flows within the network allows forensic reconstruction of events when required, and increases policy compliance by attributing policy... |
| V-30480 | Medium | The network element must enforce a Discretionary Access Control (DAC) policy that includes or excludes access to the granularity of a single user. | Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, etc.) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, policy maps, cryptography) are employed by... |
| V-30371 | Medium | The information system must initiate a session lock after the organization-defined time period of inactivity. | As you make configuration changes to a router, switch, or firewall, they are applied to the running configuration. There is nothing lost. If the user has not saved the running configuration to... |
| V-27320 | Medium | The network element must authenticate devices before establishing wireless network connections using bidirectional authentication between cryptographically based devices. | Without authentication, an unauthorized user can easily connect to a nearby access-point (AP) within the enclave. In addition, a rogue AP owned by an attacker can accept connections from wireless... |
| V-26762 | Medium | The information system must track problems associated with the security attribute binding. | Network elements do not transfer data (other than its configuration or image file to and from an FTP or TFTP server) - they merely forward received traffic to the next-hop towards its destination.... |
| V-26761 | Medium | The information system must bind security attributes to information to facilitate information flow policy enforcement. | Network elements do not transfer data (other than its configuration or image file to and from an FTP or TFTP server) - they merely forward received traffic to the next-hop towards its destination.... |
| V-26760 | Medium | The network element must uniquely authenticate destination domains for information transfer. | Identifying source and destination addresses for information flows within the network allows forensic reconstruction of events when required, and increases policy compliance by attributing policy... |
| V-27446 | Medium | The network element must produce, control, and distribute symmetric cryptographic keys using NIST-approved or NSA-approved key management technology and processes. | The escalating use of cryptography has brought forth a huge challenge for organizations to protect and manage the hundreds and even thousands of cryptographic keys employed during daily... |
| V-26766 | Medium | The network element must terminate all tunnels prior to passing through the perimeter security zone. | Allowing traffic to bypass the security checkpoints such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems puts the network infrastructure and critical data at risk. Malicious traffic could enter the... |
| V-26765 | Medium | All encrypted traffic must be decrypted prior to passing through content inspection and filtering mechanisms. | Allowing traffic to bypass the security checkpoints such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems puts the network infrastructure and critical data at risk. Malicious traffic could enter the... |
| V-26764 | Medium | The network must enforce dynamic traffic flow control based on policy allowing or disallowing flows based upon traffic types and rates within or out of profile. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27502 | Medium | The information system must reveal error messages only to authorized personnel. | Any administrator with access to a network element at any privilege level, especially the operator at level 1, will need to see all error conditions. |
| V-26995 | Medium | The network element must be configured to disable functionality that provides the capability for automatic execution of code on mobile devices without user direction. | Auto execution vulnerabilities can result in malicious programs being executed that can be used to cause a denial of service on the device and hence disrupt network services. Examples of... |
| V-27383 | Medium | The network element must update malicious code protection mechanisms and signature definitions whenever new releases are available in accordance with organizational configuration management policy and procedures. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-26992 | Medium | The network element must protect wireless access to the network using encryption. | The security boundary of a Wireless LAN (WLAN) extends from the client device to the network boundary where network access is controlled. This boundary represents the portion of the network most... |
| V-26816 | Medium | The information system session lock mechanism, when activated on a device with a display screen, must place a publicly viewable pattern onto the associated display, hiding what was previously visible on the screen. | As configuration changes are made to a router, switch, or firewall, they are applied to the running configuration. There is nothing lost. If the user has not saved the running configuration to... |
| V-27377 | Medium | The information system must provide additional data origin and integrity artifacts along with the authoritative data the system returns in response to name/address resolution queries. | Secure Name/Address Resolution Service family is not applicable. DNS is covered under the Application SRG. |
| V-27273 | Medium | The network element must enforce a two-person rule for changes to organization-defined information system components and system-level information. | Changes to any software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals should be... |
| V-26877 | Medium | The network element must dynamically reconfigure security attributes in accordance with an identified security policy as information is created and combined. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27398 | Medium | The network element must limit and reserve bandwidth based on priority of the traffic type. | Different applications have unique requirements and toleration levels for delay, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss, and availability. To manage the multitude of applications and services, a network... |
| V-27010 | Medium | The network element must reject or delay network traffic generated above configurable traffic volume thresholds as defined by the organization. | Different applications have unique requirements and toleration levels for delay, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss, and availability. To manage the multitude of applications and services, a network... |
| V-27448 | Medium | The network element that collectively provides name/address resolution service for an organization must be fault-tolerant. | A domain name system (DNS) server is an example of an information system that provides name/address resolution service. To eliminate single points of failure and to enhance redundancy, there are... |
| V-27395 | Medium | The network element must restrict the ability of users to launch Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against other information systems or networks. | A network element experiencing a DoS attack will not be able to handle production traffic load. The high utilization and CPU caused by a DoS attack will also have an effect on control keep-alives... |
| V-27394 | Medium | The network element must include components to proactively seek to identify web-based malicious code. | A honeypot simulates multiple platforms and services used to attract and contain the attackers.
To the attacker, it appears to be part of a production network providing services. A honeypot can... |
| V-27397 | Medium | The network element must protect the confidentiality and integrity of system information at rest. | This control is intended to address the confidentiality and integrity of system information at rest when it is located on a secondary storage device within the network element. It is imperative... |
| V-27396 | Medium | The network element must manage excess bandwidth to limit the effects of packet flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. | A network element experiencing a DoS attack will not be able to handle production traffic load. The high utilization and CPU caused by a DoS attack will also have an effect on control keep-alives... |
| V-27391 | Medium | The network element must prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. | The purpose of this control is to prevent information produced by the actions of a prior user, role, or the actions of a process acting on behalf of a prior user/role from being available to any... |
| V-27390 | Medium | The network element must implement security functions as a layered structure minimizing interactions between layers of the design and avoiding any dependence by lower layers on the functionality or correctness of higher layers. | The network element isolates security functions from non-security functions by means of an isolation boundary (implemented via partitions and domains) controlling access to and protects the... |
| V-27393 | Medium | The network element must protect against or limits the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. | A network element experiencing a DoS attack will not be able to handle production traffic load. The high utilization and CPU caused by a DoS attack will also have an effect on control keep-alives... |
| V-27392 | Medium | The network element must employ malicious code protection mechanisms to perform periodic scans of the information system on an organization-defined frequency. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27315 | Medium | The network element must enforce multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts where one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the network element being accessed. | Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-27422 | Medium | The network element must only update malicious code protection mechanisms when directed by a privileged user. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. It can be transported by electronic mail, mail attachments, Web accesses, removable media, or other common means. Malicious... |
| V-27421 | Medium | The network element must route organization-defined internal communications traffic to organization-defined external networks through authenticated proxy servers within the managed interfaces of boundary protection devices. | A proxy server is designed to hide the identity of the client when making a connection to a server on the outside of its network such as web server, web mail, and chat rooms. This prevents any... |
| V-27316 | Medium | The network element must use organization-defined replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. The authenticator must be a separate device than the target device for which the... |
| V-27311 | Medium | The network element must use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.
| Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-27310 | Medium | The network element must use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts. | Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-27425 | Medium | The network element must deny network traffic and audits internal addresses posing a threat to external information systems. | The firewall will build a state to allow return traffic for all initiated traffic that was allowed outbound. Monitoring and filtering the outbound traffic adds a layer of protection to the... |
| V-27424 | Medium | The network element must employ malicious code protection mechanisms to detect and eradicate malicious code at the network perimeter. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27373 | Medium | The network element must employ malicious code protection mechanisms at workstations, servers, or mobile computing devices on the network to detect and eradicate malicious code transported by electronic mail, electronic mail attachments, web accesses, removable media, or other common means. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27428 | Medium | The network element must connect to external networks only through managed interfaces consisting of boundary protection devices arranged in accordance with an organizational security architecture. | The firewall will build a state to allow return traffic for all initiated traffic that was allowed outbound. Monitoring and filtering the outbound traffic adds a layer of protection to the... |
| V-27319 | Medium | The network element must authenticate devices before establishing remote network connections using bidirectional authentication between cryptographically based devices. | A network element must have a level of trust with any node wanting to connect to it. The remote node could be a host device requiring a layer 2 connection to the network or a router wanting to... |
| V-27318 | Medium | The network element must authenticate an organization-defined list of specific devices by device type before establishing a connection. | A network element must have a level of trust with any node wanting to connect to it. The remote node could be a host device requiring a layer 2 connection to the network or a router wanting to... |
| V-27480 | Medium | The network element must prevent non-privileged users from circumventing intrusion detection and prevention capabilities. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27255 | Medium | The network element must compile log data from multiple components into a network-wide audit trail that is time-correlated to within organization-defined level of tolerance. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27484 | Medium | The network element must generate a unique session identifier for each session. | Peering neighbors must have a level of trust with each other since information being shared is used to provide network services, connectivity, and optimized routing. Corrupted or erroneous... |
| V-27257 | Medium | The network element must produce a system-wide audit trail composed of log records in a standardized format. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27371 | Medium | The network element must prevent the automatic execution of mobile code in organization-defined software applications and requires organization-defined actions prior to executing the code. | Decisions regarding the employment of mobile code within network elements are based on the potential for the code to cause damage to the system if used maliciously. Mobile code technologies... |
| V-27098 | Medium | The network element must integrate audit review, analysis, and reporting processes to support organizational processes for investigation and response to suspicious activities. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27303 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to detect the addition of unauthorized components or devices. The monitoring may be accomplished on an ongoing basis or by the periodic scanning. Automated mechanisms can be implemented within the network element or in a separate system. | Centrally managing configuration changes for network elements can ensure they are done at the correct time and if necessary in synchronization with each other which can be vital for nodes that... |
| V-27466 | Medium | The information system at organization-defined information system components must load and execute organization-defined applications from hardware-enforced, read-only media. | With the exception of auxiliary components hosted on servers, network elements will not have any CD drives. |
| V-27351 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to assist in the tracking of security incidents. | Despite the investment in perimeter defense technologies, enclaves are still faced with detecting, analyzing, and remediating network breaches and exploits that have made it past the firewall. An... |
| V-26719 | Medium | The network element must automatically audit account termination. | Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a secured manner by granting access to only authorized personnel with the appropriate and... |
| V-27258 | Medium | The network element must generate log records for organization-defined events determined to be significant and relevant to the security of the network infrastructure. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27259 | Medium | The network element must allow administrators to select which events are to be logged by specific components of the system. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27091 | Medium | The network element must be configured to stop generating log records or overwrite the oldest log records when an audit failure occurs. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27342 | Medium | The network element must enforce minimum password lifetime restrictions. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27301 | Medium | The network element must be configured to prohibit or restrict the use of organization-defined functions, ports, protocols, and services. | A compromised network element introduces risk to the entire network infrastructure as well as data resources that are accessible via the network. The perimeter defense has no oversight or control... |
| V-30598 | Medium | The network element must protect against unauthorized physical connections across the boundary protections implemented at organization-defined list of managed interfaces. | Local access to the network can easily be accomplished by merely connecting a workstation or laptop to any available wall plate or a wireless connection to a nearby access point. Eliminating... |
| V-26717 | Medium | The network element must automatically audit account disabling actions. | Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a secured manner by granting access to only authorized personnel with the appropriate and... |
| V-26741 | Medium | The network element must enforce the highest privilege level administrative access to enable or disable security policy filters. | The use of Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) affords the best methods for controlling user access, authorization levels, and activity logging. By enabling AAA on the network... |
| V-26714 | Medium | The network element must notify the appropriate individuals when accounts are created. | Account management and distribution is vital to the security of any network element. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a... |
| V-27307 | Medium | The network element must support organizational requirements to conduct backups of information system documentation including security-related documentation per organization-defined frequency that is consistent with recovery time and recovery point objectives. | System information contained on a network element contains default and customized attributes as well as software required for the execution and operation of the device. If this information becomes... |
| V-26715 | Medium | The network element must automatically audit account modification. | Account management and distribution is vital to the security of any network element. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a... |
| V-27304 | Medium | The information system must implement transaction recovery for systems that are transaction-based. | A network element will not have transactions. |
| V-26746 | Medium | The network element must detect unsanctioned information when transferring information between different security domains. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27291 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to centrally manage configuration settings. | Uncoordinated or incorrect configuration changes to network components can potentially lead to network outages and possibly compromises. Centrally managing configuration changes for network... |
| V-26712 | Medium | The network element must automatically disable inactive accounts after an organization-defined time period of inactivity. | There is always a risk for inactive accounts to be compromised by unauthorized users who could then gain full control of the device; thereby enabling them to trigger a Denial of Service, intercept... |
| V-27380 | Medium | The network element must prevent the exposure of network management traffic onto a user or production network. | Network management is the process of monitoring network elements and links, configuring network elements to turn up and disable network services, the collection of performance, diagnostics, and... |
| V-27381 | Medium | The network element must isolate security functions from non-security functions. | The network element isolates security functions from non-security functions by means of an isolation boundary (implemented via partitions and domains) controlling access to and protects the... |
| V-27386 | Medium | The network element must provide the means to indicate the security status of child subspaces and (if the child supports secure resolution services) enable verification of a chain of trust among parent and child domains when operating as part of a distributed, hierarchical namespace. | This control enables remote clients to obtain origin authentication and integrity verification assurances for the host/service name to network address resolution information obtained through the... |
| V-27387 | Medium | The network element must implement isolation boundary to minimize the number of non-security functions included within the boundary containing security functions. | The network element isolates security functions from non-security functions by means of an isolation boundary (implemented via partitions and domains) controlling access to and protects the... |
| V-27384 | Medium | The network element must isolate security functions enforcing access and information flow control from both non-security functions and from other security functions. | The network element isolates security functions from non-security functions by means of an isolation boundary (implemented via partitions and domains) controlling access to and protects the... |
| V-27385 | Medium | The network element must fail to an organization-defined known-state for organization-defined types of failures. | Failure in a known state can address safety or security in accordance with the mission needs of the organization. Failure in a known secure state helps prevent a loss of confidentiality,... |
| V-27302 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to prevent program execution in accordance with organization defined specifications. | A compromised network element introduces risk to the entire network infrastructure as well as data resources accessible via the network. The perimeter defense has no oversight or control of... |
| V-26824 | Medium | The network element must support and maintain the binding of organization-defined security attributes to information in storage. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-26747 | Medium | The network element must prohibit the transfer of unsanctioned information in accordance with the security policy when transferring information between different security domains. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27433 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic mechanisms to recognize changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical measures. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service for both internal and external connectivity, it... |
| V-27306 | Medium | The network element must support organizational requirements to conduct backups of system-level information contained in the information system per organization-defined frequency. | System information contained on a network element contains default and customized attributes as well as software required for the execution and operation of the device. If this information becomes... |
| V-27435 | Medium | The network element must implement detection and inspection mechanisms to identify unauthorized mobile code. | The mobile code paradigm encompasses programs that can be executed on one or several hosts other than the one they originate from. Mobility of such programs implies some built-in capability for... |
| V-27436 | Medium | The network element must maintain the integrity of information during aggregation and encapsulation in preparation for transmission. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service for both internal and external connectivity, it... |
| V-27437 | Medium | The network element must protect the confidentiality of transmitted information. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service for both internal and external connectivity, it... |
| V-27438 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical measures. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service for both internal and external connectivity, it... |
| V-27399 | Medium | The network element must check inbound traffic to ensure that the communications are coming from an authorized source and routed to an authorized destination. | Spoofing source addresses occurs when a malicious user outside the network has created packets with source address belonging to the private address space of the target network. This is done in an... |
| V-27308 | Medium | The network element must enforce the identification and authentication of all organizational users. | Network access control mechanisms interoperate to prevent unauthorized access and to enforce the organization’s security policy. Access to the network must be categorized as administrator, user,... |
| V-26711 | Medium | The network element must automatically terminate emergency accounts after an organization-defined time period. | Authentication for administrative access to the device is required at all times. A single account can be created on the device's local database for use in an emergency such as when the... |
| V-30429 | Medium | The network element must employ FIPS-validated or NSA-approved cryptography to implement digital signatures. | Cryptography is only as strong as the encryption algorithms employed to encrypt the data. Use of weak or un-tested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. |
| V-30048 | Medium | The network element must disable network access by unauthorized devices and logs the information as a security violation. | Local access to the private network can easily be accomplished by merely connecting a workstation or laptop to any available wall plate or a wireless connection to a nearby access point. Remote... |
| V-26987 | Medium | The network element must monitor for unauthorized remote connections to specific information systems on an organization-defined frequency. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Monitoring of... |
| V-26986 | Medium | The network element must route all remote access traffic through managed access control points. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Regardless of... |
| V-26985 | Medium | The network element must be configured to use cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Remote access... |
| V-27309 | Medium | The network element must use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.
| Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-26826 | Medium | The network element must support and maintain the binding of organization-defined security attributes to information in process. | The binding of these attribute assignments to information must be maintained while the data is in process such as switching, traffic classification, QoS marking, packet filtering, address... |
| V-26982 | Medium | The network element must display security attributes in human-readable form on each object output from the system to system output devices to identify an organization-identified set of special dissemination, handling, or distribution instructions using organization-identified human readable, standard naming conventions. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27267 | Medium | The network element must be configured to enable automated mechanisms to support auditing of the enforcement actions. | Changes to the hardware or software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals... |
| V-27431 | Medium | The network element must issue public key certificates under an appropriate certificate policy or obtain public key certificates under an appropriate certificate policy from an approved service provider. | For user certificates, each organization attains certificates from an approved, shared service provider, as required by OMB policy. For federal agencies operating a legacy public key... |
| V-27269 | Medium | The network element must prevent the installation of organization-defined critical software programs not signed with a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. | Changes to any software components of the network element can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Verifying the authenticity of the software prior to installation... |
| V-26716 | Medium | The network element must notify the appropriate individuals when accounts are modified. | Account management and distribution is vital to the security of any network element. Account management by a designated authority ensures access to network elements is being controlled in a... |
| V-26989 | Medium | The network element must disable use of organization-defined networking protocols within the device configuration deemed to be nonsecure except for explicitly identified components in support of specific operational requirements. | Remote access is any access to an organizational information system by a user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network (e.g., the... |
| V-26784 | Medium | The network element must enforce information flow control using organization-defined security policy filters as a basis for flow control decisions. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27208 | Medium | The network element must produce audit records on hardware-enforced write-once media. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27336 | Medium | The network element must enforce password complexity by the number of lower case characters used. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27331 | Medium | The network element must dynamically manage identifiers, attributes, and associated access authorizations to enable user access to the network with the appropriate and authorized privileges. | Web services are web applications that provide a method of communication between two or more different electronic devices. They are normally used by applications to provide each other with data.... |
| V-27427 | Medium | The network element must monitor and control traffic at both the external and internal boundary interfaces. | Audit logs are necessary to provide a trail of evidence in case the network is compromised. With this information, the network administrator can devise ways to block the attack and possibly... |
| V-27462 | Medium | The network element must produce, control, and distribute symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic keys using NSA-approved key management technology and processes. | The escalating use of cryptography has brought forth a huge challenge for organizations to protect and manage the hundreds and even thousands of cryptographic keys employed during daily... |
| V-27261 | Medium | The information system must initiate session audits at system start-up. | Network elements do not provide user access. Hence, they would not provide any capability to enable users to establish a session. Therefore there would be no user session log information to... |
| V-27430 | Medium | The network element must perform data origin authentication and data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources when requested by client systems. | A recursive resolving or caching domain name system (DNS) server is an example of an information system that provides name/address resolution service for local clients.
Authoritative DNS servers... |
| V-26745 | Medium | The network element must implement policy filters that constrain data structure and content to organization-defined information security policy requirements when transferring information between different security domains. | Information flow control regulates where information is allowed to travel within a network and between interconnected networks. The flow of all network traffic must be monitored and controlled so... |
| V-27260 | Medium | The network element must generate audit records for organization-defined list of auditable events. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-26854 | Medium | The network element must support and maintain the binding of organization-defined security attributes to information in transmission. | Security attributes are abstractions representing the basic properties or characteristics of an entity (e.g., subjects and objects) with respect to safeguarding information. These attributes are... |
| V-27263 | Medium | The information system must provide the capability to remotely view/hear all content related to an established user session in real time. | Users that establish sessions with network elements are administrators who have a session with the device for the sole purpose of administrative access. All in-band access sessions must be... |
| V-26984 | Medium | The network element must use approved cryptography to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Remote access... |
| V-27409 | Medium | The network element must protect the integrity of information during the processes of data aggregation, packaging, and transformation in preparation for transmission. | Information can be subjected to unauthorized changes (e.g., malicious or unintentional modification) at information aggregation or protocol transformation points. |
| V-27408 | Medium | The network element must be configured to perform organization-defined actions in response to malicious code detection. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27330 | Medium | The network element must authenticate devices before establishing network connections using bidirectional authentication between cryptographically based devices. | A network element must have a level of trust with any node wanting to connect to it. The remote node could be a host device requiring a layer 2 connection to the network or a router wanting to... |
| V-27405 | Medium | The network element must isolate organization-defined key information security tools, mechanisms, and support components from other internal information system components via physically separate subnets. | Implementing defense-in-depth by deploying various network security elements at strategic locations and segregating the enclave into separate subnets with unique security policies to provide... |
| V-26983 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to facilitate the monitoring and control of remote access methods. | Remote access services enable users outside of the enclave to have access to data and services within the private network. In many instances these connections traverse the Internet. Monitoring of... |
| V-27407 | Medium | The network element must receive all management traffic through a dedicated management interface for purposes of access control and auditing. | From an architectural perspective, implementing out of band (OOB) management for network elements is a best practice and the first step in the deployment of a management network. OOBM networks... |
| V-27406 | Medium | The network element must be configured to perform real-time scans of files from external sources as they are downloaded and prior to being opened or executed. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
| V-27401 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information at rest unless otherwise protected by alternative physical measures. | This control is intended to address the confidentiality and integrity of system information at rest when it is located on a secondary storage device within the network element. It is imperative... |
| V-27400 | Medium | The network element must provide the means to indicate the security status of child subspaces and (if the child supports secure resolution services) enable verification of a chain of trust among parent and child domains when operating as part of a distributed, hierarchical namespace. | A recursive resolving or caching domain name system (DNS) server is an example of an information system that provides name/address resolution service for local clients.
Authoritative DNS servers... |
| V-27403 | Medium | The network element must implement host-based boundary protection mechanisms. | Network elements, dependent on the underlying operating system, are at greater risk due to software vulnerabilities and access capabilities. It is critical these devices have host-based intrusion... |
| V-27479 | Medium | The network element must provide near real-time alerts when any of the organization-defined list of compromise or potential compromise indicators occur. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27485 | Medium | The network element must ensure all encrypted traffic is visible to network monitoring tools. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27376 | Medium | The network element must employ cryptographic mechanisms to protect information in storage. | When data is written to digital media, there is risk of loss of data along with integrity and data confidentiality. An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and... |
| V-27375 | Medium | The network element must use cryptographic mechanisms to protect and restrict access to information on portable digital media. | When data is written to portable digital media, there is risk of loss of data along with integrity and data confidentiality. An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and... |
| V-27374 | Medium | The network element must terminate all sessions when non-local maintenance is completed. | In the event the remote node has abnormally terminated or an upstream link from the managed device is down, the management session will be terminated; thereby, freeing device resources and... |
| V-27481 | Medium | The network element must notify an organization-defined list of incident response personnel of suspicious events. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-30479 | Medium | The network element must enforce a Discretionary Access Control (DAC) policy that Limits propagation of access rights. | Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, etc.) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, policy maps, cryptography) are employed by... |
| V-27483 | Medium | The network element must protect information obtained from intrusion-monitoring tools from unauthorized access, modification, and deletion. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27314 | Medium | The network element must enforce multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts where one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the network element being accessed. | Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) something you know (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something you have (e.g.,... |
| V-30474 | Medium | The organization must ensure the use of mobile code to be deployed in information systems meets organization-defined mobile code requirements. | This is an operating system requirement and does not apply to network elements. Mobile code is not deployed in network elements. |
| V-30476 | Medium | The organization must ensure the acquisition of mobile code to be deployed in information systems meets organization-defined mobile code requirements. | This is not applicable. Network elements do not acquire mobile code to be deployed in information systems. |
| V-27349 | Medium | The network element must uniquely identify and authenticate non-organizational users or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users. | Non-organizational users shall be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization when related to the use... |
| V-26998 | Medium | The network element must produce log records containing sufficient information to establish when the events occurred. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27488 | Medium | The network element must analyze outbound communications traffic at selected interior points within the network as deemed necessary to discover anomalies. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27379 | Medium | The network element must separate user traffic from network management traffic. | Network management is the process of monitoring network elements and links, configuring network elements to turn up and disable network services, the collection of performance, diagnostics, and... |
| V-27378 | Medium | The network element must employ automated mechanisms to detect the presence of unauthorized software on organizational information systems and notify designated organizational officials in accordance with the organization-defined frequency. | Malicious software such as Trojan horses, hacker tools, DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) agents, and spyware can establish a base on individual desktops and servers. Many of these are not... |
| V-27346 | Medium | The network element must map the authenticated identity to the user account for PKI-based authentication. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure that only the assigned individual is using the account, the account must... |
| V-27441 | Medium | The network element must perform data origin authentication and data integrity verification on all resolution responses received whether or not local client systems explicitly request this service. | A recursive resolving or caching domain name system (DNS) server is an example of an information system that provides name/address resolution service for local clients.
Authoritative DNS servers... |
| V-27420 | Medium | The network element must be configured to implement automated patch management tools to facilitate flaw remediation to network components. | It is imperative that the activity promptly installs security-relevant software updates to mitigate the risk of new vulnerabilities. Flaws discovered during security assessments, continuous... |
| V-27337 | Medium | The network element must enforce password complexity by the number of numeric characters used. | Authorization for access to any network element requires an approved and assigned individual account identifier. To ensure only the assigned individual is using the account, the account holder... |
| V-27475 | Medium | The network element must validate the integrity of security attributes exchanged between network elements. | Security attributes are associated with internal structures within the network element used to enable the implementation of access control and flow control policies or support other aspects of the... |
| V-27487 | Medium | The network element must analyze outbound traffic at the external boundary of the network. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-26999 | Medium | The network element must produce log records containing sufficient information to establish where the events occurred. | Auditing and logging are key components of any security architecture. It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what attempted to be done, where it was done, when it was... |
| V-27440 | Medium | The network element must maintain the confidentiality of information during aggregation and encapsulation in preparation for transmission. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service for both internal and external connectivity, it... |
| V-27476 | Medium | The network element must interconnect and configure individual intrusion detection tools into a system-wide intrusion detection system using common protocols. | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) devices should be deployed at strategic locations within the network. At a minimum, they should be deployed within the DMZ... |
| V-27432 | Medium | The network element must protect the integrity of transmitted information. | If the organization is relying on a commercial service provider for transmission services as a commodity item rather than a fully dedicated service, it may be more difficult to obtain the... |
| V-27426 | Medium | The network element must not allow users to introduce removable media into the information system. | Malicious code includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and spyware. The code provides the ability for a malicious user to read from and write to files and folders on a computer's hard drive. They... |
