Access to database files must be limited to relevant processes and to authorized, administrative users.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-79215	SQL6-D0-010000	SV-93921r1_rule		Medium

Description
SQL Server must prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. Permitting only SQL Server processes and authorized, administrative users to have access to the files where the database resides helps ensure that those files are not shared inappropriately and are not open to backdoor access and manipulation.

STIG	Date
MS SQL Server 2016 Instance Security Technical Implementation Guide	2018-03-09

Details

Check Text ( C-78807r1_chk )
Review the permissions granted to users by the operating system/file system on the database files, database log files, and database backup files. Obtain the SQL Server database files, database log files, and database backup files location by running the following SQL script: DECLARE @HkeyLocal nvarchar(18) DECLARE @MSSqlServerRegPath nvarchar(31) declare @InstanceRegPath sysname SELECT @HkeyLocal=N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE' SELECT @MSSqlServerRegPath=N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer' SELECT @InstanceRegPath=@MSSqlServerRegPath + N'\MSSQLServer' EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'BackupDirectory' EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultData' EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultLog' Verify that each folder has the correct permissions by doing the following: Navigate to audit folder location(s) using a command prompt or Windows Explorer. Right-click the file/folder and click "Properties". On the Security tab, if any user/role who is not an authorized system administrator with a need to know or database administrator with a need to know, or a system account for running DBMS processes, is permitted to read/view any of these files, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-78807r1_chk )

Review the permissions granted to users by the operating system/file system on the database files, database log files, and database backup files.
Obtain the SQL Server database files, database log files, and database backup files location by running the following SQL script:
DECLARE @HkeyLocal nvarchar(18)
DECLARE @MSSqlServerRegPath nvarchar(31) declare @InstanceRegPath sysname

SELECT @HkeyLocal=N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE'
SELECT @MSSqlServerRegPath=N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer'
SELECT @InstanceRegPath=@MSSqlServerRegPath + N'\MSSQLServer'

EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'BackupDirectory'
EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultData'
EXEC xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultLog'

Verify that each folder has the correct permissions by doing the following:
Navigate to audit folder location(s) using a command prompt or Windows Explorer.
Right-click the file/folder and click "Properties".

On the Security tab, if any user/role who is not an authorized system administrator with a need to know or database administrator with a need to know, or a system account for running DBMS processes, is permitted to read/view any of these files, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-85967r1_fix)
Configure the permissions granted by the operating system/file system on the database files, database log files, and database backup files so that only relevant system accounts and authorized system administrators and database administrators with a need to know are permitted to read/view these files. The following link provides the minimum permissions needed for these files: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143504.aspx#Service.

Fix Text (F-85967r1_fix)

Configure the permissions granted by the operating system/file system on the database files, database log files, and database backup files so that only relevant system accounts and authorized system administrators and database administrators with a need to know are permitted to read/view these files. The following link provides the minimum permissions needed for these files: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143504.aspx#Service.