| V-96169 | High | The Cisco router must be configured to use an authentication server for the purpose of authenticating users prior to granting administrative access. | Centralized management of user accounts and authentication increases the administrative access to the router. This control is particularly important protection against the insider threat. With... |
| V-96187 | High | The Cisco router must be running an IOS release that is currently supported by Cisco Systems. | Network devices running an unsupported operating system lack current security fixes required to mitigate the risks associated with recent vulnerabilities. Running a supported release also enables... |
| V-96059 | High | The Cisco router must uniquely identify and authenticate organizational administrators (or processes acting on behalf of organizational administrators). | To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational administrators must be uniquely identified and authenticated for all network management accesses to prevent potential... |
| V-96057 | High | The Cisco router must be configured to prohibit the use of all unnecessary and nonsecure functions and services. | Network devices are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services provided by default may not be necessary to support essential organizational... |
| V-96083 | High | The Cisco router must only store cryptographic representations of passwords. | Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily... |
| V-96089 | High | The Cisco router must be configured to terminate all network connections associated with device management after 10 minutes of inactivity. | Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port... |
| V-96145 | High | The Cisco router must be configured to use FIPS-validated Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) to protect the integrity of remote maintenance sessions. | Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be... |
| V-96147 | High | The Cisco router must be configured to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions. | This requires the use of secure protocols instead of their unsecured counterparts, such as SSH instead of telnet, SCP instead of FTP, and HTTPS instead of HTTP. If unsecured protocols (lacking... |
| V-96071 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce a minimum 15-character password length. | Password complexity or strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one of several that helps to determine... |
| V-96073 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one upper-case character be used. | Use of a complex passwords helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-96075 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lower-case character be used. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-96077 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-96079 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used. | Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in... |
| V-96179 | Medium | The Cisco router must employ automated mechanisms to assist in the tracking of security incidents. | Despite the investment in perimeter defense technologies, enclaves are still faced with detecting, analyzing, and remediating network breaches and exploits that have made it past the network... |
| V-96171 | Medium | The Cisco router must employ automated mechanisms to centrally apply authentication settings. | The use of authentication servers or other centralized management servers for providing centralized authentication services is required for network device management. Maintaining local... |
| V-96173 | Medium | The Cisco router must employ automated mechanisms to centrally verify authentication settings. | The use of authentication servers or other centralized management servers for providing centralized authentication services is required for network device management. Maintaining local... |
| V-96175 | Medium | The Cisco router must employ automated mechanisms to detect the addition of unauthorized components or devices. | This requirement addresses configuration management of the network device. The network device must automatically detect the installation of unauthorized software or hardware onto the device... |
| V-96177 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to back up the configuration when changes occur. | System-level information includes default and customized settings and security attributes, including ACLs that relate to the network device configuration, as well as software required for the... |
| V-97105 | Medium | The Cisco router must prohibit password reuse for a minimum of five generations. | Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
To meet password policy requirements, passwords need... |
| V-96167 | Medium | The Cisco router must use automated mechanisms to alert security personnel to threats identified by authoritative sources (e.g., CTOs) and in accordance with CJCSM 6510.01B. | By immediately displaying an alarm message, potential security violations can be identified more quickly even when administrators are not logged into the network device. |
| V-96165 | Medium | The Cisco router must notify the administrator of the number of successful logon attempts occurring during an organization-defined time period. | Administrators need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding their network device management account. Providing administrators with information regarding the date and time of their last... |
| V-96049 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to protect audit information from unauthorized modification. | Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit network device activity.
If audit data were to become compromised,... |
| V-96163 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to off-load log records onto a different system than the system being audited. | Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration.
Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity. |
| V-96161 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate log records when concurrent logons from different workstations occur. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96045 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands. | Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information.
Organizations consider limiting the additional audit information to only... |
| V-96047 | Medium | The Cisco router must alert the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure. | It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an... |
| V-96041 | Medium | The Cisco router must produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred. | It is essential for security personnel to know what is being done, what was attempted, where it was done, when it was done, and by whom it was done in order to compile an accurate risk assessment.... |
| V-96043 | Medium | The Cisco router must produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred. | In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know where events occurred, such as device hardware components, device... |
| V-96181 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to obtain its public key certificates from an appropriate certificate policy through an approved service provider. | For user certificates, each organization obtains certificates from an approved, shared service provider, as required by OMB policy. For federal agencies operating a legacy public key... |
| V-96183 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to send log data to a syslog server for the purpose of forwarding alerts to the administrators and the ISSO. | The aggregation of log data kept on a syslog server can be used to detect attacks and trigger an alert to the appropriate security personnel. The stored log data can used to detect weaknesses in... |
| V-96185 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to send SNMP traps and notifications to the SNMP manager for the purpose of sending alarms and notifying appropriate personnel as required by specific events. | If appropriate actions are not taken when a network device failure occurs, a denial of service condition may occur which could result in mission failure since the network would be operating... |
| V-96113 | Medium | The Cisco router must notify the administrator, upon successful logon (access), of the location of last logon (terminal or IP address) in addition to the date and time of the last logon (access). | Administrators need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding their account. Providing them with information deemed important by the organization may aid in the discovery of unauthorized... |
| V-96111 | Medium | The Cisco router must automatically lock the account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are exceeded. | By limiting the number of failed login attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account. |
| V-96117 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate an immediate alert when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of repository maximum audit record storage capacity. | If security personnel are not notified immediately upon storage volume utilization reaching 75%, they are unable to plan for storage capacity expansion. This could lead to the loss of audit... |
| V-96115 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to allocate audit record storage capacity in accordance with organization-defined audit record storage requirements. | In order to ensure network devices have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, they need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit... |
| V-96053 | Medium | The Cisco router must use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit information at rest. | Audit records may be tampered with. If the integrity of audit data were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is... |
| V-96119 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate an alert for all audit failure events. | It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an... |
| V-96051 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. | Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
If audit data were to become... |
| V-96055 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to limit privileges to change the software resident within software libraries. | Changes to any software components of the network device can have significant effects on the overall security of the network. Therefore, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed... |
| V-96103 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to automatically audit account enabling actions. | Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to... |
| V-96105 | Medium | The Cisco router must notify SAs and ISSMs when accounts are created or enabled when previously disabled. | Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to... |
| V-96107 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to be compliant with at least one IETF Internet standard authentication protocol. | Protecting access authorization information (i.e., access control decisions) ensures that authorization information cannot be altered, spoofed, or otherwise compromised during transmission.
In... |
| V-96109 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to audit the execution of privileged functions. | Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious... |
| V-96029 | Medium | Upon successful logon, the Cisco router must notify the administrator of the date and time of the last logon. | Administrators need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding their network device management account. Providing administrators with information regarding the date and time of their last... |
| V-96027 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the device. | Display of the DoD-approved use notification before granting access to the network device ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws,... |
| V-96025 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts, after which time it must lock out the user account from accessing the device for 15 minutes. | By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. |
| V-96023 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to enforce approved authorizations for controlling the flow of management information within the device based on control policies. | A mechanism to detect and prevent unauthorized communication flow must be configured or provided as part of the system design. If management information flow is not enforced based on approved... |
| V-96021 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to automatically audit account removal actions. | Account management, as a whole, ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel. Auditing account removal actions will... |
| V-96081 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to require that when a password is changed, the characters are changed in at least eight of the positions within the password. | If the application allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at... |
| V-96085 | Medium | The Cisco router must enforce 24 hours as the minimum password lifetime. | Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement.
Restricting this setting limits the user's ability... |
| V-96087 | Medium | The Cisco router must enforce a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction. | Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked. Therefore, passwords need to be changed at specific intervals.
One method of minimizing this risk is to use complex passwords and... |
| V-96139 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to authenticate Network Time Protocol (NTP) sources using authentication that is cryptographically based. | If Network Time Protocol is not authenticated, an attacker can introduce a rogue NTP server. This rogue server can then be used to send incorrect time information to network devices, which will... |
| V-96135 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to authenticate SNMP messages using a FIPS-validated Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC). | Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate... |
| V-96137 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to encrypt SNMP messages using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm. | Without the strong encryption that is provided by the SNMP Version 3 User-based Security Model (USM), an unauthorized user can gain access to network management information that can be used to... |
| V-96131 | Medium | The Cisco router must accept Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. | The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access.
DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication... |
| V-96133 | Medium | The Cisco router must electronically verify Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. | The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access.
DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication... |
| V-96039 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to log on with access privileges occur. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96035 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to protect against an individual falsely denying having performed organization-defined actions to be covered by non-repudiation. | This requirement supports non-repudiation of actions taken by an administrator and is required in order to maintain the integrity of the configuration management process. All configuration changes... |
| V-96031 | Medium | Upon successful logon, the Cisco router must notify the administrator of the number of unsuccessful logon attempts since the last successful logon. | Administrators need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding their network device management account. Providing administrators with information regarding the number of unsuccessful attempts... |
| V-96033 | Medium | The Cisco router must notify the administrator of changes to access and/or privilege parameters of the administrators account that occurred since the last logon. | Providing administrators with information regarding security-related changes to their account allows them to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred. Changes to the account could be an... |
| V-96099 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate alerts that can be forwarded to the administrators and ISSO when accounts are removed. | When application accounts are removed, administrator accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual device administrators or for identifying the device processes... |
| V-96097 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate alerts that can be forwarded to the administrators and ISSO when accounts are disabled. | When application accounts are disabled, administrator accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual device administrators or for identifying the device processes... |
| V-96095 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate alerts that can be forwarded to the administrators and ISSO when accounts are modified. | Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to... |
| V-96093 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate alerts that can be forwarded to the administrators and ISSO when accounts are created. | Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to... |
| V-96091 | Medium | The Cisco router must activate a system alert message, send an alarm, and/or automatically shut down when a component failure is detected. | Predictable failure prevention requires organizational planning to address device failure issues. If components key to maintaining the device's security fail to function, the device could continue... |
| V-96129 | Medium | The Cisco router must require users to reauthenticate when privilege escalation or role changes occur. | Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization.
When devices provide the capability to change security roles, it is critical the... |
| V-96123 | Medium | The Cisco router must record time stamps for audit records that meet a granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision. | Without sufficient granularity of time stamps, it is not possible to adequately determine the chronological order of records. Time stamps generated by the application include date and time.... |
| V-96121 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to synchronize its clock with the primary and secondary time sources using redundant authoritative time sources. | The loss of connectivity to a particular authoritative time source will result in the loss of time synchronization (free-run mode) and increasingly inaccurate time stamps on audit events and other... |
| V-96127 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate an alert that will then be sent to the ISSO, ISSM, and other designated personnel (deemed appropriate by the local organization) when the unauthorized installation of software is detected. | Unauthorized software not only increases risk by increasing the number of potential vulnerabilities, it also can contain malicious code. Sending an alert (in real time) when unauthorized software... |
| V-96125 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to record time stamps for log records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). | If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis.
Time stamps generated by the application include date and time.... |
| V-96009 | Medium | The network element must provide automated support for account management functions. | If account management functions are not automatically enforced, an attacker could gain privileged access to a vital element of the network security architecture.
Account management functions... |
| V-96007 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to limit the number of concurrent management sessions to an organization-defined number. | Device management includes the ability to control the number of administrators and management sessions that manage a device. Limiting the number of allowed administrators and sessions per... |
| V-96017 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to automatically audit account modification. | Since the accounts in the network device are privileged or system-level accounts, account management is vital to the security of the network device. Account management by a designated authority... |
| V-96015 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to automatically audit account creation. | Upon gaining access to a network device, an attacker will often first attempt to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is to create a new account.... |
| V-96013 | Medium | The Cisco router must automatically disable accounts after a 35-day period of account inactivity. | Since the accounts in the network device are privileged or system-level accounts, account management is vital to the security of the network device. Inactive accounts could be reactivated or... |
| V-96011 | Medium | The Cisco router must automatically remove or disable temporary user accounts after 72 hours. | Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. If temporary... |
| V-96019 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to automatically audit account disabling actions. | Account management, as a whole, ensures access to the network device is being controlled in a secure manner by granting access to only authorized personnel. Auditing account disabling actions will... |
| V-96159 | Medium | The Cisco router must generate audit records showing starting and ending time for administrator access to the system. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96157 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate log records for privileged activities. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96155 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96153 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate log records when administrator privileges are deleted. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96151 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to generate log records when administrator privileges are modified. | Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an... |
| V-96063 | Medium | The Cisco router must use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts. | Multifactor authentication requires using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include:
(i) something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) something a user has (e.g.,... |
| V-96061 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured with only one local account to be used as the account of last resort in the event the authentication server is unavailable. | Authentication for administrative (privileged level) access to the device is required at all times. An account can be created on the device's local database for use when the authentication server... |
| V-96067 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. | A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the application. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the application validating the user credentials must not be... |
| V-96065 | Medium | The Cisco router must use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts. | Multifactor authentication is defined as: using two or more factors to achieve authentication.
Factors include:
(i) Something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN);
(ii) Something a user has... |
| V-96069 | Medium | The Cisco router must disable identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity. | Inactive identifiers pose a risk to network devices. Attackers that are able to exploit an inactive identifier can potentially obtain and maintain undetected access to the device. Owners of... |
| V-96149 | Medium | The Cisco router must be configured to protect against known types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks by employing organization-defined security safeguards. | DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity.
This... |
| V-96141 | Medium | The Cisco router must dynamically manage identifiers. | Dynamic identifier management prevents disruption of operations by minimizing the need for system restarts. Dynamic establishment of new identifiers will occur while the system is operational. New... |
| V-96143 | Medium | The Cisco router must allow the use of a temporary password for system logons with an immediate change to a permanent password. | Without providing this capability, an account may be created without a password. Non-repudiation cannot be guaranteed once an account is created if a user is not forced to change the temporary... |
