CA-3

CA-3 SYSTEM INTERCONNECTIONS

Overview

Number	Title	Impact	Priority	Subject Area
CA-3	System Interconnections	LOW	P1	Security Assessment And Authorization

Instructions
The organization: CA-3a. Authorizes connections from the information system to other information systems through the use of Interconnection Security Agreements; CA-3b. Documents, for each interconnection, the interface characteristics, security requirements, and the nature of the information communicated; and CA-3c. Reviews and updates Interconnection Security Agreements Assignment: organization-defined frequency.

Instructions

The organization:

CA-3a.

Authorizes connections from the information system to other information systems through the use of Interconnection Security Agreements;

CA-3b.

Documents, for each interconnection, the interface characteristics, security requirements, and the nature of the information communicated; and

CA-3c.

Reviews and updates Interconnection Security Agreements Assignment: organization-defined frequency.

Guidance
This control applies to dedicated connections between information systems (i.e., system interconnections) and does not apply to transitory, user-controlled connections such as email and website browsing. Organizations carefully consider the risks that may be introduced when information systems are connected to other systems with different security requirements and security controls, both within organizations and external to organizations. Authorizing officials determine the risk associated with information system connections and the appropriate controls employed. If interconnecting systems have the same authorizing official, organizations do not need to develop Interconnection Security Agreements. Instead, organizations can describe the interface characteristics between those interconnecting systems in their respective security plans. If interconnecting systems have different authorizing officials within the same organization, organizations can either develop Interconnection Security Agreements or describe the interface characteristics between systems in the security plans for the respective systems. Organizations may also incorporate Interconnection Security Agreement information into formal contracts, especially for interconnections established between federal agencies and nonfederal (i.e., private sector) organizations. Risk considerations also include information systems sharing the same networks. For certain technologies (e.g., space, unmanned aerial vehicles, and medical devices), there may be specialized connections in place during preoperational testing. Such connections may require Interconnection Security Agreements and be subject to additional security controls.

Guidance

This control applies to dedicated connections between information systems (i.e., system interconnections) and does not apply to transitory, user-controlled connections such as email and website browsing. Organizations carefully consider the risks that may be introduced when information systems are connected to other systems with different security requirements and security controls, both within organizations and external to organizations. Authorizing officials determine the risk associated with information system connections and the appropriate controls employed. If interconnecting systems have the same authorizing official, organizations do not need to develop Interconnection Security Agreements. Instead, organizations can describe the interface characteristics between those interconnecting systems in their respective security plans. If interconnecting systems have different authorizing officials within the same organization, organizations can either develop Interconnection Security Agreements or describe the interface characteristics between systems in the security plans for the respective systems. Organizations may also incorporate Interconnection Security Agreement information into formal contracts, especially for interconnections established between federal agencies and nonfederal (i.e., private sector) organizations. Risk considerations also include information systems sharing the same networks. For certain technologies (e.g., space, unmanned aerial vehicles, and medical devices), there may be specialized connections in place during preoperational testing. Such connections may require Interconnection Security Agreements and be subject to additional security controls.

Enhancements

CA-3 (1) Unclassified National Security System Connections

Organizations typically do not have control over external networks (e.g., the Internet). Approved boundary protection devices (e.g., routers, firewalls) mediate communications (i.e., information flows) between unclassified national security systems and external networks. This control enhancement is required for organizations processing, storing, or transmitting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

The organization prohibits the direct connection of an Assignment: organization-defined unclassified, national security system to an external network without the use of Assignment: organization-defined boundary protection device.

CA-3 (2) Classified National Security System Connections

Organizations typically do not have control over external networks (e.g., the Internet). Approved boundary protection devices (e.g., routers, firewalls) mediate communications (i.e., information flows) between classified national security systems and external networks. In addition, approved boundary protection devices (typically managed interface/cross-domain systems) provide information flow enforcement from information systems to external networks.

The organization prohibits the direct connection of a classified, national security system to an external network without the use of Assignment: organization-defined boundary protection device.

CA-3 (3) Unclassified Non-National Security System Connections

Organizations typically do not have control over external networks (e.g., the Internet). Approved boundary protection devices (e.g., routers, firewalls) mediate communications (i.e., information flows) between unclassified non-national security systems and external networks. This control enhancement is required for organizations processing, storing, or transmitting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

The organization prohibits the direct connection of an Assignment: organization-defined unclassified, non-national security system to an external network without the use of Assignment; organization-defined boundary protection device.

CA-3 (4) Connections To Public Networks

A public network is any network accessible to the general public including, for example, the Internet and organizational extranets with public access.

The organization prohibits the direct connection of an Assignment: organization-defined information system to a public network.

CA-3 (5) Restrictions On External System Connections

MODERATE

Organizations can constrain information system connectivity to external domains (e.g., websites) by employing one of two policies with regard to such connectivity: (i) allow-all, deny by exception, also known as blacklisting (the weaker of the two policies); or (ii) deny-all, allow by exception, also known as whitelisting (the stronger of the two policies). For either policy, organizations determine what exceptions, if any, are acceptable.

The organization employs Selection: allow-all, deny-by-exception; deny-all, permit-by-exception policy for allowing Assignment: organization-defined information systems to connect to external information systems.